Linguistics as a science of language and its relationship with other sciences

Object and subject of linguistics. The subject of "Introduction to Linguistics" is language, its subject is the emergence and development of language, the relationship between language and thinking, language and society, the place of language in society, its internal structure, classification of languages, methods of its analysis, etc. to study general issues as well. Accordingly, linguistics is divided into general linguistics and special linguistics. General linguistics studies thinking with language, the origin of language, its place in society, ways of development, and special linguistics studies the vocabulary, phonetic system, and grammatical structure of a given language.

Objectives and tasks of linguistics The purpose of the introductory course in Linguistics: Formation of basic knowledge of linguistics in students, imparting knowledge about the functions of language, its structure, phonetics, phonology, lexicology, morphology and syntax; To acquaint students with the basic concepts and methodological approaches in linguistics, as well as the history and current state of the science of linguistics; Development of students' ability to correctly use concepts and terms in the field of linguistics. Tasks of the subject of introduction to linguistics: Learning and analyzing the concept of language; Explain the functions of the language; Getting to know the history of the emergence and development of the language; Analysis of the relationship between language and society; Learning the internal structures of the language; Familiarity with the principles of language classification; Learning the methods of language analysis; Getting to know the directions of linguistics; Analysis of relations of linguistics with other disciplines.

Language concept Language is a multifaceted complex phenomenon. This feature of language is also evident in the various definitions given to it by scientists:
"Language is a set of signs expressing thought" (F. De Saussure).
"Language is a mechanical movement of the human mind in relation to the outside world" (L. Bloomfield).
"Language is a set of pronounced, limited sounds designed to express thought" (B. Grosse).
These thoughts, although one -even if they complement each other, none of them can be a complete definition of language, because they cannot reveal the social nature of language. has its own characteristics.