Linguistics as a science of language and its relationship with other sciences

Language is indeed a system of signs, but it is extremely comprehensive and can be used in place of all signs. A person can easily use the language in all spheres of his activity. In particular, the possession of both oral (as a sound language) and written (written speech) forms of the language greatly expanded the scope of its use. Other means of communication have a limited scope of use, for example, street traffic signs mainly serve drivers and passengers and are not used elsewhere. Therefore, the language serves as a unique system of signs, that is, as a semiological system, the most important tool of communication in society, a tool that ensures the development of society's thinking, conveys cultural-historical heritage and traditions from generation to generation. All signal systems except language are artificial. They are created by humans and can be changed according to circumstances. Not all people participate in the creation of artificial tools, but a small group that knows this field well. Language does not depend on the wishes of people, it cannot be changed by the members of the society. Other signal systems are secondary to the language, appear as an additional tool and complement the language.

Language has been serving society for centuries, fulfilling their needs. Although language is a variable phenomenon in regular development, it develops only according to its internal objective laws. At the same time, it should also be noted that without society, there is no language, and if society does not use language in its daily life, that language will not develop. Therefore, language and society always require each other, but each develops according to its own laws. Language is a means of expressing thoughts and feelings, because it not only conveys dry information from one person to another, but also reflects the speaker's attitude to this information, his desires and values, and his mental state.

Relationship of linguistics with other sciences and their place among them. Along with linguistics, language is also studied by such subjects as philosophy, psychology, sociology, and logic. Each subject involved in language learning has its own attitude towards language. A student who wants to take the "Introduction to Linguistics" course in depth should, of course, be well aware of the fields related to this subject. In particular, since philosophy determines the methodology of linguistics, a person who has not studied philosophy cannot understand the principles and methods of analysis characteristic of linguistics. It is clear that a "language learner" who does not know the laws of dialectics cannot approach language and speech activities as a system. If we take into account that language is a tool for expressing thought, and thought is the object of study of logic, there is no need to explain how important it is to know logical categories. This was the basis for the emergence of the science of sociolinguistics.