Linguopragmatic aspects of fictional texts in English and Karakalpak languages

Jack the Ripper (cit. from Молчанова, 2007; 52). 
The pragmatic intention of the antonomasias used here is to call forth a flow 

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ofassociations, to activize links between “old” and “new” information, and on this 
basis to characterize a person and his behavior. So, activation of knowledge 
structures inherent in antonomasia is a necessary prerequisite of its utilization in the 
text. In the above example literary knowledge (Casanova, Don Juan) and life 
knowledge (Jack the Ripper) are activated. For example, the analysis of the frame 
“Don Juan”, its literary knowledge structure, associative and contextual links makes 
is possible to figure out the following conceptual features: flirtatious, amorous, 
passionate, desiring, erotic, gallant, sentimental, jealous, ardent, sweet, charmed, 
crazy about, ecstatic, rapturous, amatory, etc. 
We have discussed the pragmatic intention “to activize knowledge structures" on 
the material of antonomasia. However, antonomasia is only one of the means to 
realize this pragmatic intention. There are undoubtedly many other language units 
capable of representing frames and activizing knowledge structures in the text. 
Among them are key words, repetitions, metaphors, allusions, symbols, euphemisms 
and others.
The linguopragmatic approach presupposes the analysis of pragmatic factors 
describing various characteristics of the communications: their age, sex, nationality, 
social status, role relations, cultural and educational levels. The dialogues from 
Bernard Show’s play “Pigmalion” can serve as a very convincing example. The play 
narrates about the bet made between colonel Pickering and professor of phonetics 
Higgins who argued that within three month he would be able to turn Liza, a poor 
flower girl, into a perfect lady of the upper classes. Here is an example illustrating 
Liza’s low social status and education:
(32) The flower girl: I want to be a lady in a flower shop stead of sellin at the 
corner of Tottenham Court Road. But they won’t take me unless I can talk more 
genteel. He said he could teach me. Well, here I am ready to pay him – not asking 
any favor – and he treats me zif I was dirt… I aint got no mother. Her that turned me 
out was my sixth stepmother. But I done without them. And I’m a good girl, I am.
The next dialogue is illustrative of the fact that due to Prof. Higgin’s efforts Liza 
was accepted in the society as a real lady. Many other examples of represented 

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speech, descriptive contexts, stylistic devices, poetic details are used to characterize 
old Jolyon, his inner world, thoughts and reflections upon life, admiration for nature 
and music, Beauty and Youth. It will suffice to give some of these examples: 
With the years his dislikes of humbug had increased…leaving him reverent 
before three things alone – beauty, upright conduct and the sense of property; and 
the greatest of these now was beauty. He had always had wide interests, and , 
indeed, could still read The Times, but he was liable at any moment to put it down if 
he heard a blackbird sing. Upright conduct – property – somehow, they were tiring, 
the balckbirds and the sunsets never tired him, only gave him an uneasy feeling that 
he could not get enough of them. Storing into the stilly radiance of the early evening 
weather was like the music of “Orfeo”, which he had recently heard at Covent 
garden… The yearning of “Orpheus” for the beauty he was losing, for his love going 
down to Hades, as in life, love and beauty did go – the yearning which sang and 
throbbed through the garden music, stirred also in the lingering beauty of the world 
that evening. The implications and inferences dawn from this extract are indicative 
of the particular conceptual structures and cognitive habits that characterize an 
individual’s world view.
(33) Next example: I heard somebody coming through the shower curtains... It 
was Robert Ackley, this guy that roomed right next to me... He hardly ever went 
anywhere. He was a senior, and he'd been at Pencey the whole four years and all, but 
nobody ever called him anything except «Ackley». Not even Herb Jale, his own 
roommate, ever called him «Bob» or even «Ack». He was one of these very, very 
tall round-shouldered guys - he was about six four - with lousy teeth. The whole 
time he roomed next to me, I never even once saw him brush his teeth. They always 
looked mossy and awful, and he damn near made yor sick if you saw him in the 
dining room with his mouth full of mashed potatoes and peas or something. Besides 
that, he had a lot of pimples not just on his forehead or his chin like most guys, but 
all over his whole face. And not only that, he had a terrible personality. He was also 
sort of a nasty guy. I wasn't too crazy about him, to tell you the truth. [Salinger 
1968; p43].

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The use of jargon is significant in prose and verse. It seems unintelligible to the 
people who do not know the meanings. Examples of jargon used in literature are 
used to emphasize a situation or to refer to something exotic to the readers or 
audience. In fact, the use of jargon in literature shows the dexterity of the writer of 
having knowledge of other spheres. Writers use jargon to make a certain character a 
real one in fiction as well as in plays and poetry. 
Next example: 
(34) I do not mean only myself; my partner and the radiologist who does 
your x-rays, three I am referring to are Dr. Rest, Dr. Diet and Dr. Fresh air. (D. 
Carter) 
The stylistic device antonamasian this extract displays linguopragmatic 
intention to activize knowledge structures
.
Азаматлар, бизиң қарақалпақ халқына «бирикпеў» деген дуўа кеткен 
шығар деп ойлайтуғын ўақытларымда болатуғын еди, буның себеби, гей бир 
сәтсиз қәдемлер үстинде Ерназар алакөздиң «алма жеген алпыс бийи» есиме 
келеберер еди. Бул қурлым шүкир, бизлер билмейтуғынлар арасында 
бизлерди қуўатлаўшылар, ҳүкимет исине қарсы турыўшылар бар екен, 
In this extract the author remembers the words of Karakalpak people’s 
hero Ernazar alako’z “alma jegen alpıs biy” colloquial word “ bul qurlım 
shúkir”, antithesis “bizlerdi quwatlawshılar” and “qarsı turıwshılar” and 
periphrasis” duwa ketken shıg’ar” which involve the reader’s coauthorship. 
(35) Жүрт ақыллы, бәрин билип отырған, 
Әфандини "сада" десип-ақатыр. 
Сөйте тура, өзи минип отырған 
Шақаны биразлар кесип-ақатыр,..[б. 9] 
(36) Әжинияз, Бердақ өтти, 
Аббаз, Садық жырлап өтти, 
Дәрья болып ҳағлап өтти, 
Сол дәрьяны жағалайман.
Б16. 

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(37) "Мақтаўдан қайнәр сек етпейди азып? 
Әмиўди марапат уйығы тепти. 
"Асаўдәрья", "Жәйҳундәрья" деп жазып, 
Дәрьяны шайырлар қурытты..." депти. ( 21) 
In these lines people’s poet I.Yusupov mentions well-known humorist of 
Karakalpak people Afandi in order to compare modern people with the elderly ones.
Reference to the well-known Karakalpak poets as Ájiniyaz, Berdach, Abbaz , 
Sadıq and identifying them with the river, as a metaphor, makes the reader activize 
their knowledge about the people’ poets within the same realizes the pragmatic 
intention “to activize knowledge structures.