UNIT-3 (PRODUCTION AND COST ANALYSIS)
Production Concepts & Analysis
Production is a process of combining various inputs to produce an output for consumption. It is the act of
creating output in the form of a commodity or a service which contributes to the utility of individuals.
In other words, it is a process in which the inputs are converted into outputs.
Managers try to achieve higher volume with low cost and intensive distribution strategy. This seems a viable
strategy in a developing market where market expansion is the survival strategy for the business. Companies
interested to take the benefit of scale economies pursue this kind of orientation.
In a production-orientated business, the needs of customers are secondary
compared with the need to
increase output.
Production is a process of transformation of the factors of production into the economic goods. So in term of
production analysis we are dealing with the physical relationships between inputs and outputs (i.e. we are
observing the dependence of physical production volume on physical quantity of the inputs).
PRODUCTION ANALYSIS
Production analysis basically is concerned with the analysis in which the resources such as land, labor, and
capital are employed to produce a firm's final product. To produce these goods the basic inputs are classified
into two divisions –
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