Ministry of higher and secondary

MAIN FEATURES OF THE ENGLISH LANGUAGE GRAMMATICAL SYSTEM

When translating a text from English into Uzbek, it is necessary to take into account the peculiarities of the grammatical structure of the English language. English refers to analytical languages, in contrast to Uzbek - synthetic. In Uzbek, the relationship between individual words is expressed in inflections (case endings). In English, these relations are mainly determined by the order of words in the sentence, prepositions, conjunctions, Subject and predicate form the basis of the structure of the sentence, are its main members. An English sentence cannot be without a predicate, therefore, when translating, it is first necessary to find the predicate, and then the subject, which stands before the predicate (to the left of it) and expressed by a noun without a preposition or its equivalent. Addition and circumstance only expand and complicate the structure of the proposal and therefore are secondary members of the proposal. A supplement always stands for a predicate, maybe with or without a preposition. The definition does not have a fixed place in the sentence, because may apply to any member of the proposal.
The translation should begin with an analysis of the sentence. First, it is necessary to determine the type of proposal and the function of all its components according to their external characteristics. A complex sentence can be divided into simple by the presence of allied words. Moreover, in every simple sentence, the subject and the predicate must be coordinated among themselves.
The coordination among themselves of the alleged subject and predicate is a particularly important guide in determining the union-free subordinate clauses. To determine these and other members of the sentence, you need to correctly determine the form and function of the word. This stage of work for an inexperienced translator presents certain difficulties due to the analytic structure of the English language and poor grammar system, the presence of grammatical homonymy - words of different parts of speech, different grammatical forms coincide externally. The center of the organization of the proposal structure is the verb. Therefore, we begin the consideration of the grammatical difficulties of translation with the verb and its personal and non-personal forms.

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