Ministry of higher and secondary

Exercise 1. Analyze and translate sentences by defining verb functions to be, to do and to have.

1. 
   Numerous studies have shown that smoking is the reason of
   

having many surgical problems.

2. 
   Surgery is a medical specialty that uses operative manual and instrumental techniques
   
3. 
   The act of performing surgery may be called a surgical procedure, operation, or simply "surgery".
   
4. 
   A surgeon is a person who practices surgery and a surgeon's assistant is a person who practices surgical assistance.
   
5. 
   All forms of surgery are considered invasive procedures.
   
6. 
   Inflammation and discomfort under the stomach have many possible causes.
   
7. 
   Only when the forces were very high did the areas around the distal surface of the liver begin to show stress zones.
   
8. 
   Which of us doesn’t dream of a strong Health?
   
9. 
   Early detection of such eruptive disorder is of fundamental importance if preventive measures are to be adopted.
   
10. 
    In recent years the need for hygiene instruction to be given at the chairside has been questioned.
    

3. CONSTRUCTION THERE + TO BE

In the construction there + to be, the word there is a formal subject, and it is not translated. The verb to be together with there is either not translated at all, or it should be translated with the words "exist", "exist", "stay" and the sentence should be started with these words.

e.g. There is a new method of treatment. There are new methods of treatment.
Sometimes in the turnover there + to be a modal verb can appear in front of a verb, and instead of the verb to be such verbs as to appear, to exist, to result, to observe, etc.