Modeling and Optimization of a Crude Distillation Unit: a case Study for Undergraduate Students


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Modeling and optimization of a crude dis

DEGREES OF FREEDOM ANALYSIS
To establish the degrees of freedom of the system, an analysis of
each column is made independently; this analysis subsequently
allows the design of a completely specified system that is funda-
mental in the sensibility analysis before the optimization.
The degrees of freedom are calculated according to Descrip-
tion Rule [12].
Atmospheric Distillation Column Analysis
As shown in Table 1, the column has 10 degrees of freedom, which
is why, in addition to the 5 product specifications, 5 other variables
must be specified in order to have a completely specified system.
Vacuum Distillation Column Analysis
As shown in Table 2, the column has 4 degrees of freedom, which
is why, in addition to the LVGO quality specification, 3 other vari-
ables must be specified in order to have a completely specified
system.


4
GARC´IA-HERREROS AND G ´
OMEZ
Table 1 Degrees of Freedom of the Atmospheric Distillation Column
Variable
Degrees of freedom
Known values
Feed flows per component
50
50
Feed enthalpies
6
6
Feed locations
2
2
Number of stages of the column
1
1
Column pressure
1
1
Side products flows
7
0
Location of side products
7
7
Reflux
1
0
Heater duty
1
0
Condenser duty
1
0
Total
77
67
Table 2 Degrees of Freedom of the Vacuum Distillation Column
Variable
Degrees of freedom
Known values
Feed flows per component
46
46
Feed enthalpies
1
1
Feed locations
1
1
Number of stages of the column
1
1
Column pressure
1
1
Side products flows
3
1
Location of side products
3
3
Reflux
0
0
Pumparounds duty
1
0
Reboiler duty
1
0
Condenser duty
0
0
Total
58
54

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