Modern trends and concepts in Phraseology

IDIOPHRASEOMATIC MEANING It is information produced by set expressions, one of the components of which possess literal, but complicated meaning, and their derivatives are fully reconsidered:
To be in the same (in one) boat –
1.Be in the same position - Stable WG
2. Lit. to be in the same boat (train, ship, etc.) - Free WG;
PHRASEOMATIC MEANING It is information produced by set expressions with complicated meaning, but without transference (no metaphor or metonymy);
Phraseological units have fully or partly transferred meaning, while phraseomatic units are used in their literal meaning:
Better late than never;
To shrug one’s shoulders;
117. What criteria for classification of set expressions can you suggest?
Criteria for classificiation
Origin : native\borrowed
Way of forming: sources and creators
Motivation: fully, partially or non-motivated
Structure:2,-3-4+ … components
Variability: lexical and grammatical variants
Semantic fields: describing various concepts
Parts of speech: verbs, nouns, adjectives, numerals , adverbs etc..
Examples of set expressions:
The last straw, to kick the bucket, to rain cats and dogs, the blue blood, let sleeping dogs lie, dark horse, as cool as a cucumber.
Uzbek: ohirgi tomchi, sabr kosasi to’lmoq, kemaga tushganni joni bir, , sevgini ko’zi ko’r, jo’jani kuzda sanaydilar, yopig’liq qozon yopiqligicha qolsin.
118. What is the role of world knowledge in semantic transparency of PhUs? "Teaching students strategies for dealing with figurative language will help them to take advantage of the semantic transparency of some idioms. If they can figure out the meaning of an idiom by themselves, they will have a link from the idiomatic to the literal words, which will help them learn the idiom. "Libben's model distinguishes between semantically transparent compounds (blueberry) and semantically lexicalised biomorphemic units which, as Libben assumes, are monomorphemic in the minds of language users (strawberry). To put it another way, native speakers realise that while strawberry can be analysed into straw and berry, strawberry does not contain the meaning of straw. This difference in semantic transparency is captured at the conceptual level. Libben distinguishes two types of semantic transparency. Constituency pertains to the use of morphemes in their original/shifted meaning (in shoehorn, shoe is transparent because it is used in its original meaning, while horn is opaque). Componentiality bears on the meaning of a compound as a whole: for example, bighorn is non-componential because the meaning of this word cannot be inferred from the meanings of its constituents even if these are related to independent morphemes. This makes it possible to inhibit, for example, the lexical representation of boy of the lexical unit boycott, and to inhibit the meaning of straw to interfere with the interpretation of strawberry."
119. What are the functions of phraseological euphemisms?
Euphuisms is a substitution of words and expressions of milder or vague connotations for rough , unpleasant or indecent expressions
Phraseological euphuisms are divided into several phraseomantic groups: Naming social evils, crimes, human vices and their consequences:
Naming mental deformities:
Naming acts and conditions and physiology
Naming pregnancy, birth and death.
Naming poverty, financial bancrupty.