Module 1 – Grammar

Warmer noun, warmup verb
An activity that a teacher uses at the beginning of a lesson to give the class more energy. See energylevels.

PRACTICE ACTIVITIES AND TASKS

Brainstorm noun + verb To think of ideas (usually quickly) about a topic (often noting these down). This is often done as preparation before writing or speaking.

Categorisation noun, categorise verb To put things into the group (category) to which they belong. For example, students might categorise a list of different foods into groups such as fruit and vegetables.

Chant noun + verb To repeat a phrase, sentence or poem, usually with others, in a regular rhythm.

Choral drill: see drill.

Communicative activity A classroom activity in which students need to communicate to complete the activity.

Controlled practice: see practice.

Drill A technique teachers use for encouraging students to practise language. It involves guided repetition or practice. In a choral drill the teacher says a word or sentence and the students repeat it together. In an individual drill the teacher says a word or sentence and one student repeats it alone. In a substitution drill the teacher provides a sentence and a different word or phrase which the student must use (or substitute) in exactly the same structure, e.g. Teacher: I bought a book. Pen. Student: I bought a pen. In a transformation drill the teacher says a word or a sentence and the student answers by changing the sentence into a new grammatical structure, e.g. Teacher: I bought a pen. Student: I didn’t buy a pen. Teacher: I went to the cinema. Student: I didn’t go to the cinema.