О е. X o ‘j a n a z a r o V, М. M ir s o V u r o V, Т. N o r b o b o y e V a ekologiya va barqaror taraqqiyot ta’limi

Trofik zanjir (ozuqa zanjiri, oziqlanish zanjiri) [yun. “trophe”
- ozuqa] - organizmlarning ekotizmdagi modda va energiyaning 
o ’zgarishini amalga oshiruvchi o ’zaro munosabatiari; ozuqa -
istemolchi munosabatiari orqali bir biri bilan bog’liq bo’lgan 
turlar guruhlari (yani har bir to’plam o’zidan keying to’plam 
uchun ozuqa bo’lib xizmat qiladigan zanjir).
Trophic chain (food chain, feeding chain) [greek “trophe” -
nutrition] - interrelation between organisms through which 
passes a transformation of a substance and energy in ecosystem; 
grop o f species connected wiht one another by a relation: food -
consumer (chain where every previous link serves as nutrition for 
the next one).
Tuproq tanazzuli - tuproqning biota yashash muhiti sifatida, 
hamda tabiiy yoki antropogen ta’sirlar natijasida tuproq 
unumdorligi, uning xususiyatlarining muttasil yomonlashishi.
Soil degradation - stable impairment of characteristics of soil as 
a habitat of biota and also decrease of its fertility as a result of 
affecting of natural or anthropogenous factors.
Tuproqning kuchsizlanishi - tuproqdan nooqilona foydalanish 
yoki tuproq mahsuldorligini pasayishiga olib keluvchi tabiiy 
rtvojlanish jarayoni 
natijasida 
tuproq 
tarkibidagi 
ozuqa 
moddaiarining kamayib ketishi.
Soil exhaust - impoverishment caused by nutrient materials in 
result of its irrational usage or during natural evolution leading to 
a decrease in fertility of soils.
Tuproqning ikkilamchi sho’rlanishi - suv rejimini sun’iy 
o ’zgartirganda suvda oson eruvchan tuzlaming minerallashgan 
sug’orish suvlari yoki yer osti suvlari bilan olib kirilib tuproqda 
yig’ilishi.
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EKOLOGIYA
Secondary salinization of soil - accumulation in soil of freely 
soluble salts at the artificial changing of a water regime in result 
of their inflow with mineralized sprinkling or ground waters.