O’zbekiston respublikasi ichki ishlar vazirligi akademiya m. A. Rustamov ingliz tili darslik
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M.A.Rustamov Ingliz tili 2010
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U N I T F O U R
Phonetics: 1. Vowel o. 2. Consonant x. 3. Letter combinations wr, wh, ws. Grammar: 1. Construction there is / there are. 2. The Past Simple Tense. 3. Was, were. 4. Always, usually, never etc. Text: Flag of Uzbekistan. Conversational practice: Attracting Attention o [əu] / [ou] ochiq bo‘g‘in yopiq bo‘g‘in R harfi bilan [ou] [o] or [o:] oor [uə] order [o:də] more [mo:] poor [puə] boor [buə] ower [auə] w + or [ə:] go [gəu] note [nəut] nose [nəuz] bone [bəun] smoke [sməuk] stone [stəun] dog [dog] loss [los] got [got] golf [golf] clock [klok] coffee [kofi] power [pauə] tower [tauə] flower [flauə] work [wə:k] word [wə:d] world [wə:ld] istisnolar: do [du:], door [do:]. Ikki unlili birikmalar oo ou oa [u:] [u] [au] [ou] moon [mu:n] stool [stu:l] food [fu:d] too [tu:] soon [su:n] book [buk] took [tuk] shook [∫uk] good [gud] room [rum] out [aut] loud [laud] round [raund] sound [saund] house [haus] oak [əuk] goat [gəut] goal [gəul] loaf [ləuf] throat [θrəut] - 77 - O‘ziga xos birikmalar ow owe [au] [ou] [auə] now [nau] how [hau] brown [braun] bow [bau] low [lou] show [∫ou] snow [snou] know [nou] towel [tauəl] flower [flauə] o + ld / lt / ll / lk / o + m / n / v / th [əu] [ Λ ] old [əuld] told [təuld] cold [kəuld] hold [həuld] bold [bəuld] bolt [bəult] roll [rəul] toll [təul] droll [drəul] folk [fəulk] come [k Λ m] done [d Λ n] money [m Λ ni] Monday [m Λ ndi] love [l Λ v] above [əb Λ v] cover [k Λ və] other [ Λ ðə] mother [m Λ ðə] brother [br Λ ðə] x = [ks] / [gz] / [z] [ks] [gz] [z] mix [miks] six [siks] fix [fiks] text [tekst] next [nekst] fax [fæks] exact [ig′zækt] exam [ig′zæm] example [ig′za:mpl] exalt [igz′o:lt] examine [ig′zæmin] exemplar [ig′zemplə] Xerox [′ziəroks] xylophone [′zailəfoun] xylograph [′zailəgra:f] xistor [′zistə] wr, wh, sw wr wh sw [r] [w] [h] [s] write [rait] wrap [ræp] wrangle [ræŋl] wrong [roŋ] wraps [ræps] what [wot] when [wen] which [wit∫] why [wai] while [wail] who [hu:] whom [hu:m] whose [hu:z] whole [houl] whoop [hu:p] answer [a:nsə] - 78 - EXERCISES 4.1. Copy out the words, transcribe them and find their meanings in the dictionary. Globe, loud, loaf, round, house, point, bone, toy, town, vote, brown, join, open, how, sound, oil, most, poll, boy, now, close, code, South, down, hope, goat, noise, throat. 4.2. Read the words and find their meanings in the dictionary. a) mix, exalt, six, fix, text, exact, next, fax, exam, examine, xylophone, exemplar, Xerox, example, xylograph, xistor. b) wrap, answer, what, wrong, whom, while, whole, wraps, which, who, whoop, wrangle, why, when, whose. There is... / There are ... singular there is ... (there’s) is there ... ? there is not ... (there isn’t or there’s not) • There is a book on the table. • There’s a train at 12.15. • Is there anybody at home? • “Is there a bus-stop near here?” “Yes, here are. / No, there isn’t.” plural there are ... are there ... ? there are not ... or (there aren’t) • There are some books on the table. • There are many accidents on this road. • “Are there any fingerprints on the door?” “Yes, there are. / No, there aren’t.” • There aren’t many people in this club. We can use no in negative sentences: no ... = not + any or not + a • There are no books on the table. (= there aren’t any books) • There is no bus-stop near here. (= there isn’t a bus–stop). - 79 - EXERCISES 4.3. Read and translate. 1. There is a stadium in this street. 2. There are many students at the Academy. 3. There are operative workers at the Criminal Investigation Department 4. There is a big park in the centre of the city. 5. There is not an Underground in Samarkand. 6. There are not any exercises in this book. 7. There are no children in this room. 8. There is no bus stop near here. 4.4. Answer the following questions. 1. Are there many museums in your city? Yes, there are many museums in our city. 2. Is there a club at your Academy? 3. Are there 12 months in a year? 4. Are there 24 weeks in a year? 5. Are there 600 minutes in an hour? 6. Are there any old houses in the city centre? 7. Is there a good reading hall in the Academy? 8. Is there an apple tree in your garden? 4.5. Write seven sentences about your town. Use there is / are / isn’t / aren’t. 1. There are many schools in our town. 2. ................................................................................ 4.6. Write sentences with There are... . Choose from the boxes. twenty four thirty one twenty six eleven seven twelve two letters players days months days hours TV towers in March Tashkent a football team a day the English alphabet a week a year - 80 - 1. There are twenty four hours in a day. 2. .................................................................................................... 4.7. Pun the verb to be (is or are ) in the right form. 1. There ........... many notebooks on the table. 2. There ........... no airport in Khiva. 3. There ........... two libraries in our Academy. 4. There ........... a bus stop near our house. 5. How many seasons ........... there in a year? 6. How many days ........... there in September? 4.8. Translate into English. 1. Jinoyat joyida qon izlari bor. 2. Shaharda kinoteatrlar ko‘p. 3. Stol ustida ruchkalar ko‘p. 4. Xonada hech kim yo‘q. 5. Kriminalistika kafedrasida laboratoriya bor. 6. Bir yilda 12 oy bor. 7. Bir haftada 7 kun bor. 8. Kutubxonada biror kishi bormi? The Past Simple Tense They watch television every evening. (present simple) They watched television yesterday evening. (past simple) I / we / you / they / he / she / it watched Make the past simple in regular verbs by adding -ed to the present simple: work – worked play – played open – opened visit – visited look – looked arrive – arrived - 81 - • I started my work at 8 o’clock this morning. • I played football yesterday. • Jim worked at a court from 1995 to 1998. • Mr. Brown and his wife arrived in Tashkent last night. • Everybody enjoyed the party last night. They danced a lot and talked to a lot of people. The party finished at midnight. • The accident happened yesterday at lunchtime. Spelling try – tried study – studied copy – copied stop – stopped plan – planned beg – begged Some verbs are irregular. The past simple is not -ed: begin - began break - broke bring - brought build - built buy - bought catch - caught come - came do - did drink - drank think - thought fall - fell find - found fly - flew forget - forgot get - got give - gave go - went have - had hear - heard know - knew leave - left lose - lost make - made meet - met pay - paid put - put read - read ring - rang say - said see - saw sell - sold sit - sat sleep - slept speak - spoke stand - stood take - took tell - told eat - ate win - won write - wrote • Yesterday I met Paul and gave him my English book. • He bought a lot of food. • They came late last Sunday. • This morning Tom went to the shop and bought some vegetables. • The witness saw the suspect and spoke to him. We use did in past simple negatives and questions: - 82 - infinitive positive negative work go study plan have do play I we you they he she it worked went studied planned had did played I we you they he she it did not (didn’t) work go study plan have do play question Did I we you they work? go? study? plan? Did he she it have? do? play? short answers Yes, I/we/you/they he/she/it did No, I/we/you/they he/she/it didn’t • We went to the library last Sunday. • He did not translate the text the day before yesterday. • “Did you go to the museum last week?” “Yes, I did.” • He didn’t translate the text. Adverbs: a minute / hour / day / week / year / century ago: • They came two hours ago. yesterday: • Tom worked in the garden yesterday. last week / month / year / evening etc.: • Last year I visited Samarkand. |
