O’zbekiston respublikasi ichki ishlar vazirligi akademiya m. A. Rustamov ingliz tili darslik
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M.A.Rustamov Ingliz tili 2010
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- Can I have
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U N I T S I X
Grammar: 1.Modals can / could, may / might, must. 2. I was doing (past continuous). 3. Participle I (present participle) . Text: Uzbekistan. Conversational practice: The Seasons and the Weather. Can / could, may / might, must. can + infinitive (can do / play / speak etc.): positive and negative I / we / you / they he / she / it can cannot (can’t) do play speak come etc. question Can I / we / you / they / he / she / it do? play? speak? come? etc. • I can speak English but I can’t speak French. • “Can you drive a car?” “Yes, I can.’ or “No, I can’t.” Can is used mainly for ability, possibility, and permission. Ability ( = to be able to, to be capable of, to know how to do): • I can speak English but I can’t speak French. • Paul can translate this text easily. Possibility (something may happen if conditions are suitable): • No one is perfect; everyone can make mistakes. Permission (be allowed to, be permitted to, have permission to do): • You cannot borrow books from the library without a library card. - 106 - Can you . . . ? Could you . . . ? Can I . . . ? Could I . . . ? We use Can you ... ? or Could you ...? when we ask people to do things: • Can you close the window, please? or Could you close ... ? We use Can I have . . . ? or Could I have . . . ? to ask for something: • Can I have this camera, please? or Could I have this ...? Can I . . . ? or Could I . . . ? = is it OK to do something?: • Jim, can I borrow your bicycle? or ... could I borrow ...? • Hello, could I speak to Tom, please? or ... can I speak ...? For the past (yesterday / last week etc.), we use could / couldn’t: • Two years ago I couldn’t drive a car. • When I was young, I could run very fast. May / might + infinitive (may go / might be etc.) I / we / you / they he / she / it may / might (not) be go take come etc. May and might are used mainly for permission and possibility: • I might go to my uncle this evening. or I may go ... . • “When is Ann going to phone you?” “I don’t know. She might phone this afternoon.” • You may come back at ten o’clock tomorrow. • Linda might not be at home now. Might is used to show the past, but it is often replaced by could: • You may wait here now until the doctor can see you. (present) • The nurse told them that they could (might) wait in the waiting room. (past, reported speech) May I . . . ? = is it OK to ... / Can I ...? • May I ask a question? (= Can I ...?) • “May I take your text book?” “Yes, of course.” - 107 - Must + infinitive (must do / must come etc.): I / we / you / they he / she / it must must not (mustn’t) be go take come etc. Use must when you think it is necessary to do (or not to do) something: • Your shoes are very dirty. You must clean them. • I mustn’t forget to phone Martin. (= I must remember to phone him) • You mustn’t miss classes. For the past (yesterday / last week etc.) we use had to . . . (not must): • I had to walk home last night. There were no buses. • I did not have to walk home last night. EXERCISES 6.1. Read and translate. 1. May I come to see you on Sunday? 2. We must take a bus in order to get to the exhibition. 3. Can you make a record? 4. May I ask a question? 5. An investigator must be patient and tactful during the interrogation. 6. The witness says that he can identify the criminal. 7. I must take the pictures of the objects of the crime scene. 6.2. Answer the questions. 1. Can you drive a car? Yes, I can. OR No, I can’t. 2. Can you use a revolver? ........................................................... 3. Can you take pictures? ............................................................. 4. Can you speak English? ........................................................... 5. Can you use a crime technique? ............................................... 6. Can you identify, locate and apprehend the suspect? ............... 7. Can you detect a criminal? ........................................................ - 108 - 8. Can you develop fingerprints? .................................................. 9. Can you find traces of the criminal act? ................................... 10. Can you give first aid to a victim? ........................................... 6.3. Ask your friend if he can do these things: 1. (suzmoq) Can you swim? 2. (shaxmat o‘ynamoq) ....................................................... 3. (nemischa gapirmoq) ...................................................... 4. (kutubxonadan kitob olmoq)............................................ 5. (yozda ta’til olmoq) .......................................................... 6. (kechqurun singlisini kutib olmoq) ................................... 7. (klubga bormoq) ................................................................ 8. (bayonnoma tuzmoq) ...................................................... 9. (ashyoviy dalillarni topmoq va saqlamoq) ........................... 10. (voqea joyini qo‘riqlamoq) ................................................... 11. (barmoq izlarini caqlamoq) ................................................... 12. (so‘roq qilmoq) ............................................................... 6.4. Tell your friend that you must: 1. (jinoyatchini topmoq) I must find the criminal. 2. (jinoyatni ochmoq) .............................................................. 3. (qonunlarni o‘rganmoq) ................................................. 4. (kriminalistik texnikani bilmoq) .................................... 5. (sambo bilan shug‘ullanmoq) ................................................... 6. (jinoyatchilikka qarshi kurashmoq) .......................................... 7. (ko‘p fanlarni o‘rganmoq) ......................................................... 6.5. Read and translate the following sentences: 1. In order to know English well, you must study it every day. 2. In order to solve crime, we must have education and practical skill. 3. In order to conduct the interrogation, the investigator must go out to a crime scene several times. 4. In order to protect footprints, we can use boxes. 5. In order to identify a criminal, we may use fingerprints. |
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