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THE ART OF MAKING DRIED CARPETS (JASPER)
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THE ART OF MAKING DRIED CARPETS (JASPER)
The art of making wallowed carpets as a kind of folk crafts has been developing since ancient times. Where engaged in animal husbandry on the territory of our Republic, those regions developed the art of making woven carpets. This kind of art is well developed in Central Asia and Kazakhstan. Our ancestors laid a woven carpet on the ground floor "Buyro" (Buyro-specially made woven reed carpet size 3x2, often such wicker products are used for various purposes, for example, as a screen or as a sieve and much more). Carpets made of Jasper lay not only on the ground, but overlapped the walls and the upper part of the Yurt (Yurt-portable folding house of the nomadic peoples of Central Asia and Kazakhstan). Not only the walls were covered with woven carpets, but such elements as "Kalpok" (kalpok – a special cap on the very top of the Yurt, that is, on the top), "Piyma" (piyma - is the entrance part of the Yurt, that is, instead of the door hung the product of their Jasper), in some cases, made woven carpets with patterns and colorful flowers for decorative design of the Yurt. In such carpets, patterns and patterns are mainly dominated by black, red, white colors, as well as brown, and the carpets themselves and the background of such carpets consist of black, gray and white colors. In Surkhandarya and Kashkadarya carpets are made of wool of cattle of black color and they are called " Chaidim” (chaidim - one of types of dried carpets of Jasper), in Khorezm “Makyanamat” (makyanamat - odtn from grades of Jasper) is made. In Uzbekistan, there is a peculiar way of naming Jasper and manufacturing 201 technology. Jasper is made from the wool of sheep and goats. First wool ochishaetsya, washed and dried in the sun. Then with the help of special sticks well stuffed, it contributes to the dressing of wool, gives a fluffy look and airiness. After this treatment, the wool is sorted by color and superimposed on tithing, the small pieces are painted with a special paint and thinner and fluffy strands videowelt patterns. Nowadays Jasper is made with the help of special machines. For example, in industrial enterprises wool is combed on special machines. Before coloring the product, a special solution for dyeing wool is poured, where after combing the bone is loaded. The combed wool is evenly laid out on the machine and pressed. Then it is absorbed by a special solution of sulphate acid. The products are processed and cut to the desired size and density. In this case, the product is stretched and corrected at the edges. After technical processing, the finished products undergo heat treatment, and undergo a steam bath, after which they are dried. At the end of the process, the product is once again combed and unnecessary flowers and fluffy pile are removed. Sometimes in addition to wool use mineral additives and chemical fiber in the manufacture of felted products, in particular carpets. Woolen felted products from Jasper are widely used in engineering and construction.They are often used in the manufacture of musical instruments, prostheses, in aircraft, as shock absorbers in the car structure and many other industries. For example, in construction is widely used as a material of noise and heat insulation. In the modern world, due to the development of technology and technology, the manufacture of woven carpets from wool and Jasper by hand is almost forgotten. Download 1.92 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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