Phraseology and Culture in English

part in structuring the communicative competence of the members of a 
society. 
Cognitive schemata (i.e. concepts about the structure of culturally im-
portant situations and events), together with the inferences that are drawn 
from communication, plus the habitual language use in semantic schemata 
which encode pragmatic evaluation, open ways of empirically documenting 
culturally shared structures of meaning. 
6. TRAVEL 
The following is an investigation of how linguistic representations and there-
fore probably also concepts of ‘travelling’ have changed over time, in rela-
tion to general socio-cultural changes. 
As the distribution of the lemma TRAVEL in the different corpora 
shows (Table 1), there is no difference in frequency of occurrence over 
time. However, the collocational patterns suggest that a shift of modes of 
travelling has taken place from the 1960s to today which will be discussed 
below.

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The phraseology of tourism 
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Table 1. Frequency of occurrence of the lemma TRAVEL 
TRAVEL
LOB FLOB 
BNC 
total 139 
total 185 
total 14,788 
travel, travels, 
travelled, travelling, 
traveller, travellers
= 0.14 times 
in 1,000 words 
= 0.18 times 
in 1,000 words 
= 0.15 times 
in 1,000 words 
As Table 2 shows, it is obvious that people travel further because they can 
travel faster. The destinations have changed from going to a not so far city 
or country to a different continent, such as <India, New Zealand, Australia>.
This goes along with technological development from travelling by train to 
travelling by car and then by air. 
Table 2. Frequent examples of destinations and means of transport collocating 
with TRAVEL