Physiotherapy in stomatology

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Physiotherapy in stomatology 
Physiotherapeutic procedures have a great value among the medical preventive actions of the oral cavity diseases. They can be 
used at almost all diseases of the oral cavity: caries, pulpitis, periodontitis, various forms and currents of the diseases of parodont 
(parodontitis, parodontosis) and the oral cavity mucous membrane (OCMM).
Some physical methods influence directly on cells and tissues, exciting the rich receptive field of the oral cavity mucous 
membrane and favorably influencing on vegetative nervous system, which improves blood and lymph circulating, trophy and 
metabolism, the growth of pathological granulations decreases, the inflammation decreases, the activity of reticular-endothelium system 
elements increases, regeneration process is accelerated. 
But physiotherapeutic interventions have contra-indications as well. They are: 
1. Acute inflammatory processes, when exudate outflow isn’t present
2. Tumors (especially malignant) 
3. Pregnancy 
4. Allergy or medicine sensibility on an applied physical component. 
The following physiotherapeutic methods are applied in stomatology 
I. Application of constant electric current 
1. Galvanising – the use of a continuous constant electric current (microcurrents) of a low voltage (30-80V) and small force (to 50 
mА) for medical purposes. As the human body consists of water on 60 %, it is considered as a good electrolit, and when the constant 
electric current passes, ions, molecules of the water and the charged albuminous particles move into interelectrode space. At 
galvanizing the constant electric current occur: 
- expansion of vessels
- blood supply acceleration 
- local hyperemia
- permeability of the vascular wall increases 
- the local temperature raises
The skin hyperemia keeps about 60 minutes after the current influence. All these promotes activity of metabolism, epithelium 
and connecting tissue regeneration.
As in stomatologic practice the main influence zone is the head, then besides the local reactions, it is also necessary to consider 
the general refleactive shifts: fluctuations of the arterial pressure, change of heart reduction frequency, etc.