Physiotherapy in stomatology


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Physiotherapy in stomatology (1)

1. Darsonvalization - application of high-frequency (100-300 kHz) alternating current of small force (0,015-0,02mА) and high voltage 
(20kV), giving sharply fading discharge, for medical purposes. The devices "Искра-1", «Искра-2» and "Корона-М" are used. A set of 
vacuum glass electrodes of various forms is applied to the device. 

Darsonval’s currents have the following effects: 


- oppress sensitivity of peripheral nervous receptors 
- anesthetizing effect 
- reduce the itch in tissues 
- expand vessels 
- improve tissue trophy 
- remove the vessel spasm 
- activate migration of leukocytes 
Darsonvalization is used at: 
- Chronic gingivitis 
- Generalized parodontitis 
- Parodontosis 
- Fractures of jaws 
- Acute arthritis of TMJ 
- CRAS (chronic recurring apthous stomatitis) 
-The simple form of lichen ruber planus 
- Neuralgia of trigeminal nerve 
- Glossalgias 
Treatment by Darsonval’s currents is spent in silent and spark discharge modes. In the first case the electrode is fixed directly 
on the skin or the mucous membrane and is moved quietly lengthways the gingival edges. Procedure lasts up to 20min. Course of 
treatment is 10-20 sessions.
At the spark discharge exciting effect of the current is stronger, because of the spark jumping through an air interval of 0.5-
1.0sm. Such influence has coagulating effect and promotes formation of micronecrosis. This property is used for treatment of 
hypertrophic gingivitis. 
2. UHF-therapy – this is the application of electric field of ultrahigh frequency. Devices UHF-4, UHF-66, applied in stomatology, 
generate electromagnetic fluctuations with frequency of 39 MHz (length of the wave is 7.7m) and of 40,68MHz (length of the wave is 
7.37m).

Electric field of UHF: 




- leads to expansion of vessels 
- activates blood and lymph circulation 
- activates metabolism 
- increases enzyme activity 
- activates growth of young connecting tissue
- decreases the sensitivity of the nervous receptors
- increases the activity of macrophages
Thus, UHF has the following effects:
- anti-inflammatory
- stimulates regeneration of the damaged tissues 
- removes the spasm of vessels and muscles 
- anesthetizing 
- increases the salivation 
Athermal, oligothermal and thermal doses of UHF are distinguished. The field of weak intensity stimulates, and strong - 
oppresses functional activity of the organism. 
UHF-therapy is applied at traumas of soft tissues and bones, at erosive-ulcerative defeats of the skin and mucous membrane, at 
diseases of the facial nerve, at acute current of gingivitis, at aggravation of parodontitis. 
The irradiated area is placed between condenser’s plates, keeping an air backlash of 1-2sm. Session time is 5-10min, quantity 
of procedures is 5-8. 

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