Polysemy and metaphor in perception verbs: a cross-linguistic study
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PhD-Thesis-99
saw it with my own eyes, to ascertain the visual taking-in of an authentic situation or
phenomenon (Alm-Arvius 1993: 33; Lipinska-Grzegorek 1977: 4). The eyes are not only the first element in visual perception. They are perceived as the way to penetrate the human mind. The eyes are considered as reflecting our real thoughts. That is why there are expressions such as I couldn’t see any hint of remorse in his eyes. In the description of the lens, it has been mentioned how it must be transparent in order to see properly. Opacity in the lens is known as cataracts. Similar analogies with these cataractous lens that damage vision are found in language too, in sentences like (1): (1) His greed / hate didn’t let him see the truth. In this sentence there is an analogy between the defective lens 118 and the greed / hate. In both cases they do not let the person see the reality, either physical (the objects around) or metaphorical (the truth). Another characteristic of the lens reflected in language is the ability to focus near or distant objects. This process of ‘accommodation’ can be seen in expressions like to be out of focus, to get something into focus, to come into focus and so on. There are also similarities between the physical stimulus for vision – light – and some metaphors in languages. In respect to the first condition mentioned above – intensity in light source –, expressions like (2) – (6) are found in English (Danesi 1990: 223). (2) That was a brilliant idea (3) I take a dim view of that whole affair (4) What you are saying is not very clear 118 It could be argued that to think that the cataracts constitute the experiential basis for (1) is a little bit far-fetched, especially if we take into account that this kind of semantic extensions may have arisen before sophisticated knowledge of human physiology (Barcelona p.c). Perhaps the source for this B. Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano Polysemy and metaphor in perception verbs 137 (5) That is a transparent argument (6) Can you elucidate your idea? In these examples, a different meaning is inferred depending on the intensity of the visual stimulus. Dim view in (3) implies that this person has a poor understanding of the affair in question. This is a metaphorical use of dim light, which refers to a poor or weak light. The opposite case is found in (2), where brilliant means ‘splendid, intelligent’. Again this is a metaphorical use of the adjective brilliant that refers to shine, brightness 119 . In other words, the intensity of the light that our eyes perceive does seem to have an influence on our metaphors. If the intensity of the light is not enough, we perceive things as negative, weak. If the intensity of the light is strong, we perceive things as positive, good. That is why we can utter expressions such as (2) to (6) above, and solve problems by giving them some ‘light’ as in (7). (7) Her speech threw light on the matter (Danesi 1990: 223) Download 1.39 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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