Polysemy and metaphor in perception verbs: a cross-linguistic study


Download 1.39 Mb.
Pdf ko'rish
bet56/104
Sana28.03.2023
Hajmi1.39 Mb.
#1304883
1   ...   52   53   54   55   56   57   58   59   ...   104
Bog'liq
PhD-Thesis-99

4.3. conclusions 
In this chapter, I have revised a cognitive semantic approach to the study of 
polysemy and semantic change: Sweetser’s 
MIND
-
AS
-
BODY
metaphor. This author claims 
that the paths of semantic change are unidirectional, from a concrete domain to an 
abstract domain. In the case of English perception verbs, the mappings take place 
between the vocabulary of physical perception and the vocabulary of the internal self 
and sensations. These mappings, which appear to be cross-linguistic, are not random, but 
well structured by means of metaphor.
Based on the data analysed in Chapter 2, I have concluded that as suggested by 
Sweetser, the mappings between these two different domains of experience are not 
particular to English, but to other languages such as Basque and Spanish. It is also 
argued that the metaphorical scope of sense perception verbs is much larger than that 
proposed by Sweetser. In fact, meanings do not only extend to more abstract domains
but also within the physical domain.
It has been pointed out that under this theory, such physical extended meanings 
cannot be accounted for. Another shortcoming of this approach is the fact that it does not 
give an explanation for the reasons why a particular source domain is mapped onto a 
particular target domain. This model does not show exactly what ‘used’ part of the 
source domain is mapped onto the target domain.
These points are further discussed in Chapter 6, where a process called ‘Property 
Selection’ is introduced as a possible way of solving these problems. 
Finally, the last point not addressed in this theory is the analysis of the semantics 
of the other elements in the sentence and their impact in the overall meaning. That is to 
say, the question whether the different senses of a lexical item are the result of the 
different senses of a polysemous verb through the interaction between the semantics of 
the verb and its arguments; or whether it is the choice of a particular argument what 
really determines different meanings. 


B. Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano 
Polysemy and metaphor in perception verbs 
129
As a possible solution for this last point, I have applied Pustejovsky’s Generative 
Lexicon to the analysis of some examples drawn from the data analysed in Chapter 2. I 
have concluded that this model works very neatly for those physical extensions of 
meaning, but in the case of metaphorical senses, it does not seem to be able to constrain 
what instances are felicitous and what are not. The discussion of this issue and a possible 
solution are presented in Chapter 7. 
The objective of this thesis is to propose a hypothesis that can account for the 
reasons why and the way in which the polysemy in perception verbs occurs. The 
framework that I will propose in the following chapters is based on the advantages that 
both Sweetser – and Cognitive Linguistics – and Pustejovsky’s frameworks have. The 
advantages of Sweetser’s approach are the use of metaphor as the structuring cognitive 
device for abstract extended meanings, the theoretical tenet of embodiment, i.e. the fact 
that the bodily basis of these senses motivates these semantic extensions. The advantage 
in Pustejovsky’s model is the idea that meaning is generatively compositional
113
, i.e. the 
interpretation of the verb is influenced by the semantics of its arguments. 
The main contribution to the study of polysemy in this thesis will be to fill in the 
gaps left unanswered by both models. The gaps in Sweetser’s model are the lack of 
explanation for physical extended meanings; the lack of a description for the bodily 
basis of perception verbs, and consequently, the impossibility to show how this bodily 
basis constrains both the creation of extended meanings, and the devices that structure 
them, i.e. metaphor. The gap in Pustejovsky’s model is the lack of a constraint that could 
establish what elements can or cannot co-occur with what elements in the same 
sentence. 
In the following chapter, I will start with the description of the bodily basis of 
perception verbs. As pointed out in this discussion, this description is central to the study 
of polysemy, because it will provide the tools necessary to constrain not only the devices 
113
I would like to point out that one does not need to comply with a generative view of language, 
as Pustejovsky does, in order to accept a degree of compositionality in meaning (see Langacker’s work on 
cognitive grammar and the notions of ‘constructional schema’ (1991b: 15-19). What I see as an advantage 
of this model is the way in which Pustejovsky shows how some meanings are obtained by means of the 
semantic content of the words that integrate the sentence, not Pustejovsky’s generative framework. 


B. Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano 
Polysemy and metaphor in perception verbs 
130
used to create extended meanings (Chapter 6), but also what elements can take part in 
the creation of such meanings (Chapter 7). 


B. Iraide Ibarretxe-Antuñano 
Polysemy and metaphor in perception verbs 
131

Download 1.39 Mb.

Do'stlaringiz bilan baham:
1   ...   52   53   54   55   56   57   58   59   ...   104




Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling