kinesics
The study of body motions as a systematic mode of communication.
L
lay testimony
Information that is derived from the firsthand experience of ordinary citizens.
leadership
The ability to influence group members so as to help achieve the goals of the group.
likeableness
The quality of radiating goodness and goodwill and inspiring audience affection in return.
line graph
A graph that uses one or more lines to show changes in statistics over time or space.
listener
The person who receives the speaker's message.
listening
Paying close attention to, and making sense of, what we hear.
literal analogy
A comparison made between subjects within the same field.
logos
The name used by Aristotle for the logical appeal of a speaker. The two major elements of logos are evidence and reasoning.
M
magnification
A speaker’s selecting and emphasizing certain qualities of a subject to stress the values they represent.
main motion
A proposal that would commit a group to some specific action or declaration.
main points
The major points developed in the body of a speech.
maintenance needs
Communicative actions necessary to maintain interpersonal relations in a small group.
malapropisms
Language errors that occur when a word is confused with another word that sounds like it.
manuscript speech
A speech that is written out word for word and read to the audience.
marking
Adding a gender reference when none is needed-e.g., "a woman doctor."
master of ceremonies
A person who coordinates an event or program, sets its mood, introduces participants, provides transitions, and may also present awards.
maxims
Brief and particularly apt sayings.
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