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3. Methodology
The aim of the paper is to analyze, define and characterize the impact of digital technologies on the labor market and potential impacts of digital technologies on labor market in the transport industry. In order to achieve this goal, at the introduction we defined the context in which the subject was dealt with. As part of the analysis of the current state, we applied secondary research, which consisted of data collection and processing methods and their subsequent analysis and synthesis. The main sources of realized secondary research are the publications of foreign authors and research reports from the OECD and the World Economic Forum. In the research, we conducted, we examined the correlation and the trend between the selected data we obtained from the OECD (2018) statistical databases and which we also used to analyze the current state. Data of employment and unemployment are from year 2013, same as data on jobs with high risk automation which are from year 2013. Countries whose data we taken into account are: Austria, Belgium, Canada, Chile, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Korea, Lithuania, Netherlands, New Zealand, Norway, Poland, Slovak Republic, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, Turkey, United Kingdom and United States. Second part of research is dedicated to characterizing trends that may have an impact on the labor market in the transport industry specifically in the freight transport sector. 4. Results As we can see in Figure 3, in OECD countries with high unemployment rate, the level of jobs at high risk automation increases, which can also be confirmed by the trend line with an upward tendency. Average number of jobs at high risk in selected OECD countries is at the rate 13,5 % and at this rate the average unemployment is 9,3 %. Correlation coefficient of unemployment rate and percentage of jobs at high risk of automation in selected countries is 0,5298. This means that the correlation between selected variables have moderate positive correlation. In another words unemployment rate in selected countries is correlated to the percentage of jobs at high risk of automation by 52,98 %. Countries, whose unemployment can be mostly affected by job automation are Slovakia, Greece, Spain and Slovenia and on the other hand countries who have low unemployment and also have low risk of job automation and therefore whose labor market can be less affected by job automation are Scandinavian countries such as Norway, Finland, Sweden and Korea. As we can see in Figure 4, in the selected OECD countries, the lower the employment rate is, the higher is the risk of job automation. This is also proven by the fact that the trend line has downward tendency. Average values for the OECD are 13,5 % for the risk of jobs automation at the employment rate of 65,6 %. Correlation coefficient of employment rate and percentage of jobs at high risk of automation has value of -0,5822. Coefficient value indicates that there is moderate negative correlation between examined variables. This relation can be interpreted as following: employment rate in selected countries that are members of OECD is correlated to the percentage of jobs that are at the high risk automation by -58,22 %. Countries whose employment can be mostly affected by automation are Slovakia, Slovenia, Greece and Spain. On the other hand employment of countries such as Norway, Finland, Sweden, Netherlands and USA may not be significantly affected by job automation. 998 Roman Chinoracký et al. / Transportation Research Procedia 40 (2019) 994–1001 Chinoracky, Corejova / Transportation Research Procedia 00 (2019) 000–000 Download 0.67 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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