Simple present tense

He can’t have sent the letter. I found it on the table today.
Can he have done the work by himself?


b) could have + P.II
Бирор-бир иш-ҳаракатининг содир бўлиб ўтишга имконият бериб, унинг содир бўлмаганини ифодалайди.
Why didn’t you come yesturday?
We could have gone to the cinema.
Why didn’t you ask me?
I could have helped you.


3.
should
ought
Бирор-бир қилинмаган иш-ҳаракатини қилиш керак эди деб ёки бирор-бир бўлиб ўтган иш-ҳаракатини қилмаслик керак эди деб маслаҳат берганда қўлланилади.
You are wet through.
You should have worn your raincoat.


4. needn’t have + P.II
Бирор-бир содир бўлиб ўтган иш-ҳаракатига афсус қилганда қўлланилади.
You needn’t have replaced the tyre of your car it was still good.
Алмашламаслигинг керак эди.
5. to be to have + P.II
was
were


Бирор-бир иш-ҳаракатининг бажаришга мажбур бўлиб, унинг бажарилмай қолганлигини ифодалайди.
I was to have this work yesterday.
Мен бу ишни кеча қилишим керак эди. (аммо у иш кеча қилинмади).


SEQUENCE OF TENSES.


1. Pr.Ind.
Pr.Ind. Past Ind.
Fut.Ind.


He says that he is a teacher.
He says that he know that boy.
He says that he was a teacher.
He says that he knew that boy.
He says that he met his friend whom he hadn’t seen for a long time.
He says that he that he will return.


2. Past.Ind.
Past.Ind. Past Perf.
Fut. in the Past


He said that he was a doctor.