Genetic Typology compares the systems of languages in two ways:
diachronically
synchronically
But in the second case genetic relationship is not taken into consideration.
Structural linguistic typology can be understood as a systematization of linguistic phenomenon from different languages according to their specific structural features.
Structural typology research makes it possible to establish some traits as universal, unique, and special.
History of typology investigations of 19-21 centuries
In 19th century:
Frederic Schlegel: affixal and inflexional languages.
August Schlegel: added another type – without grammatical structure in Chinese language.
W. von Humboldt: 4 types of languages:
isolating languages agglutinative languages flexional languages incorporating languages
Ethnic psychology
root+root word structure or root+affix word structure disyllabic root word structure
unbreakable word structure and
breakable word structure
In 20th century
Edward Sapire: Language as a system. New classification:
degree of cohesion between root and affix:
isolating agglutinative fusional symbolic
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