Some practice in translation

Translation of mono-semantic words: Rendering of Proper Names in Translation. Rendering of Geographical Names in Translation. Rendering of Names of Months, Seasons and Days of the Week. Rendering of Numerals. Rendering of Scientific and Technical Terms. Rendering the Names of Streets

8	Translation of polysemantic words. Polysemantic Words and the Context. Contextual Meaning of Poly-semantic Words. Words of Wide Meaning. Translation of Pseudo-International Words
9	Non-equivalents. Translation of non-equivalents: By Borrowings, By translation loans, By Descriptive or Interpreting Translation
10	Translation of neologisms: By Borrowings. By Translation Loans. By Descriptive or Interpreting Translations Translation of words of emotive meaning: Rendering of Stylistic Meaning in Translation. Concretization, generalization, antonymic translation, metonymic translation, paraphrasing
11	Stylistic problems: Different Aspects of Stylistic Problems. Official Style. Scientific Prose Stile. Newspaper and Publicist Styles. Rendering of Form in Translating Emotive Prose. National Character of Stylistic Systems. Poly-functional Character of Stylistic Devices. Rendering of Trite and Original Devices. Original Metaphors and Their Translation. Original Metonymies and their Translation. Transferred Epithet and its Translation. Violation of Phraseological Units and its Rendering Foregrounding and Translation. Foregrounding of Articles. Foregrounding of Degrees of Comparison. Foregrounding of the Plural Form. Foregrounding of Word-building. Foregrounding of Suffixes. Foregrounding of Compounds. Conversion and Foregrounding. Foregrounding of Adverbial Verbs. Emphatic Constructions. Inversion as a Means of Emphasis. Emphatic Use of the “As… As” model. Emphatic Negative Constructions. Semantic Foregrounding.