Some practice in translation

48

	National Character of Stylistic Systems	The Stylistic System of a language like its phonetic system, grammatical system and lexical system, bear a distinct National Character. Stylistic devices in different languages are, in the main similar but their functioning in each language, their specific weight and the frequency of their use are widely different. This fact accounts for the necessity of Stylistic Transformations – Substitution and Compensation. By means of lexical transformations and grammatical transformations the translator achieves an equivalent rendering of the lexical meaning and grammatical meaning of a word or a form. The same principle is valid when rendering the Stylistic meaning of the message, that is, reproducing a similar effect in the TL text, arousing a similar response on the part of the TL reader as well was called forth by the SL text. The translator, however, is often compelled to achieve the intended effect by a different device	39
	Operative textual function	Designed to induce a certain behavioral response in the reader, such as an advertisement that influences the reader to purchase a particular product or service. The TT should therefore produce the same impact on its reader as the reader of the ST	40
	Original Metaphors and their Translation	The preservation of Original Metaphors in imaginative Prose is obligatory as they belong to the main features of a writer’s individual Style. If for some linguistic reason (different Valency, different Semantic structure, etc.) the Original Metaphor cannot be preserved, resort is taken to Stylistic replacements or Compensation either by substituting another image or by using another Stylistic device