Task – ‘Open-source’ task. Theory – 10 point task – a ‘Open-source’ task. Find/identify main postulates of given great thinker/scholar [from Martin Griffiths

Johan galtung
Johan Galtung is a Norwegian sociologist, mathematician, and peace researcher. He is best known for his contributions to the study of peace, conflict, and violence. The main postulates of his thought are:

1. 
   Structural Violence: Galtung introduced the concept of structural violence, which refers to the ways in which social, economic, and political structures create and perpetuate inequality and oppression. Structural violence can manifest in many forms, including poverty, discrimination, and political repression.
   
2. 
   Positive Peace: Galtung also introduced the concept of positive peace, which refers to the absence of violence in a society. Positive peace goes beyond simply avoiding conflict and violence to include the creation of a just and equitable society in which everyone's basic needs are met.
   
3. 
   Conflict Transformation: Galtung developed a framework for conflict transformation, which seeks to address the root causes of conflict and violence and to create long-term solutions to these problems. This framework emphasizes the importance of understanding the underlying causes of conflict and working to address these causes in a comprehensive and holistic way.
   

A relevant illustration of Galtung's ideas can be seen in the Arab-Israeli conflict. Galtung's framework for conflict transformation highlights the importance of addressing the root causes of conflict and violence in order to create long-term solutions. This means working to address the underlying economic, social, and political factors that contribute to the conflict and violence in the region, rather than simply focusing on short-term military or diplomatic solutions.
Another example is Galtung's analysis of poverty and inequality. Galtung argues that poverty and inequality are forms of structural violence that result from the ways in which social, economic, and political structures create and perpetuate inequality and oppression. This has important implications for international relations, as it highlights the need to address the root causes of poverty and inequality in order to create a more just and equitable world.