Task – ‘Open-source’ task. Theory – 10 point task – a ‘Open-source’ task. Find/identify main postulates of given great thinker/scholar [from Martin Griffiths

max weber
Max Weber was a German sociologist and philosopher who lived from 1864-1920. He is best known for his work on the theory of social action, the concept of the state, and the theory of economic sociology. Some of his main postulates in International Relations include:

1. 
   The State as a Monopoly of Legitimate Force: Weber defined the state as an entity that holds a monopoly on the legitimate use of physical force within a given territory.
   
2. 
   The Concept of Ideal Types: Weber believed that the study of social phenomena should be guided by the development of ideal types, or idealized models that capture the essential features of a particular phenomenon.
   
3. 
   The Importance of Ideas and Values: Weber believed that ideas and values play a crucial role in shaping social action and the development of institutions. He argued that religious beliefs and economic interests are important factors that shape international relations.
   

Relevant Illustrations in International Relations:

1. 
   The concept of the state as a monopoly of legitimate force is illustrated in the way states exert control over their territories and citizens through the use of military, police, and other institutions.
   
2. 
   The idea of ideal types can be seen in the way that IR scholars often use typologies, such as Realism, Liberalism, and Constructivism, to categorize and analyze different approaches to the study of international relations.
   
3. 
   The influence of ideas and values on international relations is demonstrated by the role that ideology and religious beliefs play in shaping political movements and the foreign policies of states. For example, the spread of Islamic fundamentalism in the Middle East and the rise of religious nationalism in India are both examples of how religious beliefs have shaped international relations.
   

charles robert darwin
Charles Robert Darwin is best known for his theory of evolution through natural selection. Some of his main postulates in the field of biology are:

1. 
   Species are not fixed, but rather they evolve over time.
   
2. 
   Evolution is driven by natural selection, which favors the survival and reproduction of individuals that are better adapted to their environment.
   
3. 
   Variation within a species arises through mechanisms such as mutation and sexual selection, and provides the raw material for natural selection.
   

These postulates are not directly related to the field of International Relations, but Darwin's theory of evolution has influenced the development of several social and political theories, including the study of human societies and the role of power, conflict, and cooperation in human affairs.
Some illustrations of the influence of Darwin's ideas in IR include:

1. 
   The Social Darwinist movement of the late 19th and early 20th centuries, which applied Darwin's ideas about natural selection to human society and advocated for the application of eugenic policies to improve the "quality" of the human population.
   
2. 
   The development of realism in IR, which views international politics as a struggle for power and survival among states, influenced by biological and evolutionary ideas about human behavior and competition.
   
3. 
   The study of international organizations, which has drawn on Darwin's theory of evolution to analyze the emergence, survival, and evolution of international organizations, and the role that they play in shaping the international system.