Tax Guide for Small Businesses 20 20 /2
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LAPD-Gen-G09-Tax-Guide-for-Small-Businesses
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- 2.1.4 Private company
2.1.3 Close corporation
A CC is similar to a private company (see 2.1.4). It is a legal entity with its own legal personality and perpetual succession and must register as a taxpayer in its own right. The owners of a CC are the members of the CC and have a membership interest in the CC. Membership, generally speaking, is restricted to natural persons and a trustee of an inter vivos trust or testamentary trust. A CC may not have an interest in another CC. For income tax purposes, a CC is dealt with as if it is a company. 3 With effect from 1 May 2011 (implementation date of the Companies Act 71 of 2008), no new CC could be registered and a conversion from a company to a CC is not allowed. 2.1.4 Private company A private company is treated by law as a separate legal entity and must register as a taxpayer in its own right. The owners of a private company are the shareholders. The managers of a private company may or may not be shareholders. Some advantages of a private company are as follows: • The existence of the business is perpetual, that is, it continues uninterrupted as shareholders change. • Transfer of ownership of shares in the company is not prohibited, but subject to the company’s memorandum of incorporation. • It is easier to raise capital and to expand the business. • Efficiency of management is maintained. • A small, medium or large business may be carried on. Some disadvantages of a private company are as follows: • It is subject to many legal requirements. • It is more difficult and expensive to establish and operate than other forms of ownership such as a sole proprietorship or partnership. Personal liability of shareholders and directors Shareholders have limited liability, that is, they are generally not responsible for the liabilities of the company. However, a person (shareholder or director) who controls or is regularly involved in the management of a company’s overall financial affairs shall under the TA Act be personally liable for any outstanding tax debt of the company including, amongst others, income tax, PAYE, VAT, additional tax, understatement penalty, administrative non- compliance penalty or interest for which the company is liable if a senior SARS official is satisfied that the person is or was negligent or fraudulent in respect of the payment of the tax debts of the company. 4 3 Definition of “company” in section 1(1). 4 Section 180 of the TA Act. Tax Guide for Small Businesses (2020/2021) 5 The Companies Act 71 of 2008 imposes personal liability on directors. Any person, not only a director, who is knowingly a party to the carrying on of a business in a reckless (gross carelessness or gross negligence) or fraudulent manner may be personally held liable for all or any of the debts of the private company. Download 0.78 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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