1 They need to determine what they are hearing . Are they listening to a lecture? Are they part of a negotiation? Are they the recipient of small talk? Before they can make sense of what they are hearing, your students will need to determine what they are hearing. It’s because the reason someone is speaking affects what their listeners will need to do with it. In other words, the type of speech determines what listening skills they will need to engage 2. They need to understand what they are hearing. Once your students know why they are listening to someone, they need to understand what they are hearing. But that doesn’t mean they need to process every word the speaker sends their way. Trying to understand and remember every word in sequence is more than the short term memory can handle. When students understand and remember chunks of language or ideas, their comprehension increases. 3. They need to guess what is coming next. Your students have determined what type of speech they are hearing and decided what its purpose is. They are listening and understanding and processing the information as it comes in chunks of words or ideas. But listening is more than just taking in what you hear. As they are listening, it is important that your students predict what information will be coming next. When they do make mental predictions, they will be better able to understand and process the language that is to come. Think of it this way. 4. They need to remember what they already know about the subject at hand. Learning is about making connections. Every learner will understand and retain information better when they link it to something they already know. Think of the mind as an ever increasing collection of Lego blocks. The new blocks are easier to hold on to when they snap into one of the blocks already there. The sooner your students can remember what they know about a given subject, the better their comprehension and retention will be with the new information they are given.
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