What made you sufficiently confident of lower stock prices to go net short in 1973-1974?
The anticipation of a recession.
Based on what?
I felt that the higher inflation rates of that period would lead to higher interest rates, which, in turn, would
slow down the economy.
Were you negative on the stock market in the period preceding the major 1982 bottom as well?
Not as strongly. But in 1981 and 1982,1 made an enormous amount of money by having a leveraged position
in treasury notes. Although one couldn't predict the end of the rise of interest rates timing-wise, it was clear that
unless interest rates came down, other areas had to be relatively unattractive. When you could get 14
percent in
long-term treasury securities, in order to be competitive, stocks had to sell so much lower than they were selling at
that it wasn't even worth focusing on which stocks to buy—although you might focus on the short side. What was
unique in that period was the inevitability of a turn in interest rates in order for anything else to be worthwhile; it was
simply a matter of timing that turn. In contrast to most other periods, this period had a clear unidirectional message:
U.S. Treasury fixed income securities were by far the quintessential value of the time.
Anyone with any sense of contrarian mentality had to look at interest rates in the early 1980s as presenting a
potentially great opportunity. You knew the Fed would have to ease as soon as business started to run into trouble. In
addition, we had already seen an important topping in the rate of inflation.
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