The republic of uzbekistan kokand state pedagogical institute named after mukimi faculty of foreign languages

1.2 Information about dictionary
Dictionary- reference book that lists words in order-usually, for Western languages, alphabetical-and gives their meanings. In addition to its basic function of definition words, a dictionary may provide information about their pronunciation, grammatical forms and functions, etymologies, syntactic peculiarities, variant spellings, and antonyms. A dictionary may also provide quotations illustrating a word’s use, and these may be dated to show the earliest known uses of the word in specified senses. The word dictionary comes from the Latin diction, “the act of speaking”, and dictionaries, “a collection of words.” Although encyclopaedias are a different type of reference work, some use the word dictionary in their names.
Basically, a dictionary lists a set of words with information about them. The list may attempt to be a complete inventory of a language or may be only a small segment of it. A short list, sometimes at the back of a book, is often called a glossary.. when a word list is an index to a limited body of writing, with references to each passage, it is called a concordance. Theoretically, a good dictionary could be complied by organizing into one list a large number of concordances. A word list that consist of geographic names only is called a gazetter. The phrase dictionary order takes for granted that alphabetical order will be followed, and yet the alphabetical order has been called a tyranny that makes dictionaries less usefull than they might be if complied in some other order. SO, dictionary order becomes a meaningless term for any language that lacks an alphabet. The assembling of words into groups related by some principle, as by their meanings, can be done, and such a work is often called a thesaurus of synonymy. Such works, however, need an index for ease of reference, and it is unlikely that alphabetical order will be superseded except in specialized works. The distinction between a dictionary and an encyclopaedia is easy to state but difficult to carry out in a practical way: a dictionary explains words, whereas an encyclopaedia explains things. Because words achieve their usefulness by reference to things, however, it is difficult to contrast a dictionary without considerable attention to the object and abstractions designated.