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Towards organizing business discourse studies
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Discourse and business communication An
Towards organizing business discourse studies:
representation and interaction Bargiela-Chiappini et al. (2007: 3) see the scope of business discourse studies as a vast area of research aimed at ‘telling us how people in busi- ness organizations achieve their organizational and personal goals using language’ [italics mine]. While it is difficult to say from the subsequent argument whether such has been the intention of the authors, this pos- tulate invites two levels from which business discourse could be looked at. One is the global conceptual level, which involves representation of the organization, i.e. all the many mutually coherent ways in which the organization builds up its image and identity whereby it is recognized and distinguished from the market competition. Studying these ways can range from an analysis of advertising leaflets and brochures, to fully fledged mediatized communication, such as press releases or broadcast business speeches in which the speaker is the mouthpiece of the orga- nization – all of which have been exemplified in the present book. The other level is inherently interactional, involving ways in which mem- bers of the organization accomplish smaller-size (personal) goals, such as promoting one’s point of view, managing their floor in a business meeting, or (most notably in the case of managers) instructing other members on a course of action. Although we shall see that the two lev- els and, thus, two lines of research seem to attract different methods (a much-promising factor in terms of defining the division of analytic labour), they still feed into each other in a manner that warrants an extensive coverage of the field. The interactional line starts with the very tiniest discourse chunks responsible for enacting micro- and personal goals, and ends where the speaker’s or writer’s act of communication constitutes both a ‘personal move’ and a recognizable contribution to the construal of the organization as a whole (viz. conflict-softening strategies pursued in a company by its Thai and Japanese members, as described in Kardkarnklai’s chapter in this collection). The representa- tion line takes it from there, extending the scope of analysis towards the description of complex, interdependent, cognitive–pragmatic strategies by means of which the organization enacts its image and identity. The proposed distinction is not merely a result of pondering upon the contents of Bargiela-Chiappini et al.’s postulate, but, more importantly, a tentative attempt to respond typologically as well as methodologi- cally, to the evolution of business discourse studies observed over the last decade or so (one might want to look at Candlin and Gotti (2004), Gouveia et al. (2004), Trosborg and Jorgensen (2005), etc. as attempts April 14, 2009 11:52 MAC/RAMS Page-6 9781403_947369_02_cha01 PROOF 6 New Approaches to Discourse and Business Communication to balance the two research trends on a general plane, but there are further publications which take up individual issues from either ‘repre- sentational’ or ‘interactional’ standpoint – just compare Iedema et al. (2003) with Nickerson (2000)). The important thing is that, as has been mentioned before, the commitment to one of the two lines of research means, essentially, a commitment to a specific set of apparatuses of anal- ysis. Thus we have, for instance, cognitive linguistics, frame semantics, critical approaches (informed by political research) or cognitive prag- matics as viable handles on the issues of representation, and discourse analysis, conversation analysis, corpus linguistics and societal pragmat- ics as instruments to account for the interactional phenomena. And although the above breakdown involves inevitable simplifications, it may be sketching some potentially useful ways in which to organize research in business discourse according to its focus and level of analysis. Download 72.04 Kb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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