10.3 On the fuzziness of the equivalence concept
Koller (1979: 18791) tried to deal with the fuzziness of the equivalence con
cept by specifying five “frames of reference which are relevant for defining
the type of equivalence” (ibid.: 187) in a particular translation process:
• “denotative equivalence” (denotative Äquivalenz), relating to the content
conveyed by the text,
• “connotative equivalence” (konnotative Äquivalenz), referring to the
connotations caused by the selection of register, social and regional
(Koller: “geographical”) dimensions or frequency, etc.,
• “genre equivalence” (textnormative Äquivalenz), applicable to certain
text types and genres,
• “pragmatic equivalence” (pragmatische Äquivalenz), referring to audi
ence orientation (this should include the cultural and situational features
which Koller does not mention), and
• “formal equivalence” (formale Äquivalenz), referring to the specific
features of aesthetic form or individual style.
This differentiation is a step in the right direction, although Königs (1981: 85)
is not wrong to criticize some of its limitations and to add two more types of
equivalence to the list:
• “intentional equivalence” (textintendierte Äquivalenz), related to the
intended sourcetext function, and
• “teleological equivalence” (finalistische Äquivalenz), referring to the
intended function of the target text.
However, Königs overlooks the fact that the rationale he gives for intentional
equivalence (“this function must be retained in the targetlanguage version”)
contradicts the rationale for teleological equivalence (“the intended function of
the translation has to be taken into account as well”). The latter clearly points
to the fact that the translation does not always have to retain the sourcetext
function but may be assigned other functions.
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |