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Статья в журнале учёные 21 века
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- PROBLEMS OF EQUIVALENCE OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN TRANSLATIONS OF “BABUR NAME” INTO ENGLISH D.M. Yunusova 1
Bibliography: 1. Качалова К. Н., Израилевич Е. Е. Практическая грамматика английского языка. – М.: 1996; 2. Михельсон Т. Н., Успенская Н. В. Практический курс грамматики английского языка. – СПб.: 1995; 3. Резник Р. В., Сорокина Т. С. Грамматика английского языка. – М.: 1991; Новицкая Т. М., Кучин Н. Д.Практическая грамматика английского языка. – М.: 1983. © Д.У. Файзуллаева, 2020. ___________________________________________________________________________________________________ Филологические науки 58 PROBLEMS OF EQUIVALENCE OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS IN TRANSLATIONS OF “BABUR NAME” INTO ENGLISH D.M. Yunusova 1 Abstract The article is devoted to a comparative study of translations of phraseological units in the book “Baburname” made by John Leiden - William Erskine (1826), Anette Susanna Beveridge (1921), Villier Tekton (1996) into English. Key words: comparative linguistics, translations, Turkic languages, English, Baburname, phraseology, paremiology. As you know, "Baburname" is a scientific-historical and autobiographical book that contains a large number of phraseological units, aphorisms, and proverbs. It is translated into English by different translators. A comparative analysis of translations of phraseological units made by different translators makes it possible to identify the most appropriate versions of the translation of this valuable book. If we compare the English translations of the phraseological units of the work “Baburname” with one another, one may encounter different versions of their corre- spondence to the original language. Therefore, the purpose of this article is to compare phraseological equivalents in translations of English scientists and determine the de- gree of identity of phraseological units to the original. As a working hypothesis, we accept the proposition that phraseological units are functionally and semantically inseparable units used in speech as ready-made units. An analysis of the material showed that the translations of Baburname by John Leiden - William Erskine (1826), Annette Susanna Beveridge (1921) and Villier Tekton (1996) show a discrepancy in the transmission of the original phraseological units. Compare some of them: Шоҳбегим ва Меҳр Нигорхоним ва жамиъ элнинг аҳли ва аёли асирлиққа тушуб, ул золими бадкирдорининг ҳабсида дунёйи фонийни видоъ қилдилар [3. 39] – Shahbikum, Mihr Nigar Khanum and all the women and families [ac- companying them] of people were captured and said goodbye to the mortal world in the confinement of this criminal villain [2. 16]. The phraseological unit “дунёйи фонийни видоъ қилдилар” (said goodbye to the mortal world) in the translation of J. Leiden - V. Erskine: and Shah Begum and Mihr Nigar Khanum, with their whole family and attendants, were taken prisoners and in the prisons of that wicked miscreant, they departed from this perishable world [4. 12], ac- cordingly, the same phraseological unit in Anette Beveridge is conveyed differently: they were captured, together with the wives and families of all their people, by maraud- ers of Abu-bakr Kashghari and, as captives to that ill-doing miscreant, bade farewell to this transitory world [1. 77]. Villeier Texton has found a more faithful equivalent of this phraseological unit: Shah Begum and Mihr Nigar Khanum, along with all the folk of their people, fell into captivity, whereupon they bade farewell to this mortal world in that evil tyrant’s prison [5. 14]. In its version, one can reveal some similarities with the translation of Annette Susanna Beveridge: Shah Begim and Mihr Nigor Khanum, together with relatives and people, became captives, they said goodbye to this mortal world in that pernicious ty- rant prison [2. 14]. Instead of the word “mortal” he used the “transitory” (passing), as a result of which the version of Villera Tekton turned out to be closest to the original. The originality of life and life, the culture and psychology of one or another peo- ple are reflected in phraseology. The preservation of this originality, the color of the language of the era and the people, especially when translating proverbs, sayings, aph- orisms and idioms in such a historical book as “Baburname”, becomes an important task 1 Юнусова Дилором Мухитдиновна – магистрант, Самаркандский государственный институт иностранных языков, Узбекистан. Ученый XXI века • 2020 • № 3-3 (62) 59 for specialists working in this field. When translating these units, each translator uses his own approach; as a result, we observe ways to overcome translation difficulties. Let us analyze the equivalent of a number of proverbs extracted from “Babur- name” (original): “Мен ҳар ташвиш бўлса кўрайин, ҳар нечук эл тоқат қилиб турса турайин, бир форсий масал бор: “Марг бо ёрон сур аст”; “Дўстлар билан бирга бўлган ўлим тўйдир” [3. 147]. “I will also experience all the hardships and difficulties and will en- dure everything that people suffer. There is a Persian proverb: “Death with friends is a feast” [2. 115]. J. Leiden - V. Erskine translate this - proverb as follows: “It was right, that what- ever their sufferings and difficulties were, and whatever they might be obliged to un- dergo, I should be a sharer with them. There is a Persian proverb, that “Death in the company of friends is a feast” [4. 211]. “It was true, that they suffered and had difficul- ties, that they could be forced to surrender, I have to share this with them. Here's a Persian proverb: "Death among friends is a holiday." Susanna Beveridge gives a differentiated translation of the same proverb: “What- ever hardship and wretchedness there is, I will face; what strong men stand, I will stand; for, as the Persian proverb says, to die with friends is a nuptial” [1. 310]. “No matter what poverty and need, I can handle it; I can stand what strong men endure, as the Per- sian proverb says: “To die with friends is a wedding” [1. 310]. A similar peculiarity is observed in the translation of proverbs: “тенг бўлма- гунча тўш бўлмас”– “If there were no similarities, there would be no meeting” In fact, the Turkic word “тенг” is translated into English as “equal”, and the word “тўш” as “friend”. We believe that Professor Villier Texton misunderstood the meaning of the proverb. Instead of the word “тенг” (“equal”), he translated the Turkic word “tong” - “dawn”. “Тонг” is translated into English as “dawn”, and “кун” is translated as “noon”. In our opinion, the meaning of this proverb should be stated as: “Not equals never make friends”. It follows that keeping the original in translations of such great historical autobi- ographical masterpieces as Baburname is not easy. Nevertheless, all the aforemen- tioned translators, who relied on the content of the original, managed to make their contribution to the preservation and transmission of the meaning of the work when translating from one language. Therefore, this made all three translations unique and peculiar. Download 1.63 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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