Umumiy та ’lumotlar Shaxs yoki buyumni ifodalovchi w ho? kim?

It is a good wine. He prefers Caucasian wines to Crimean wines. We export lubricating oils.

Bu yaxshi vino. U Qrim vinolaridan ko‘ra Kavkaz vinolarini afzal ko‘radi. Biz moylovchilarni eksport qila miz.

5. Ba’zi mavhum otlar konkretlashib donalab sanaladigan otlarga aylanadi:

He made a speech yesterday. His speeches are always interes - ting.

Kecha u nutq so‘zladi. Uning nutqlari doimo qiziq.

Animals do not possess the power of speech. Hayvonlar gapirish qobiliyatiga
ega emas.

3. New Year is the time or day at which a new calendar year begins and the calendar's year count increments by one. Many cultures celebrate the event in some manner^[1] and the 1st day of January is often marked as a national holiday. In the Gregorian calendar, the most widely used calendar system today, New Year occurs on January 1 (New Year's Day). This was also the first day of the year in the original Julian calendar and of the Roman calendar (after 153 BC).^[2]. During the Middle Ages in western Europe, while the Julian calendar was still in use, authorities moved New Year's Day, depending upon locale, to one of several other days, including March 1, March 25, Easter, September 1, and December 25. Beginning in 1582, the adoptions of the Gregorian calendar has meant that many national or local dates in the Western World and beyond have changed to using one fixed date for New Year's Day, January 1. Other cultures observe their traditional or religious New Years Day according to their own customs, sometimes in addition to a (Gregorian) civil calendar. Chinese New Year, the Islamic New Year, the traditional Japanese New Year and the Jewish New Year are the more well-known examples. India and other countries continue to celebrate New Year on different dates.
4Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense
a)Sam and Fred often go fishing together
b).The team practises every day
c) I am lost. I am driving around here for an hour
14-bilet.Hisoblashda odamlar Hisoblashda turli xil ish turlari mavjud va ba'zida bir xil turdagi ishlarga turli nomlar beriladi. Ushbu bo'limda keltirilgan ishlarga quyidagilar kiradi: Webmaster - veb-serverni boshqaruvchi shaxs. Yordam xizmatidagi muammolarni bartaraf etuvchi - foydalanuvchilarga kompyuter tizimlarida yuzaga keladigan muammolarni hal qilishga yordam beradigan telefon xizmatining bir qismi sifatida ishlaydigan kishi. Xavfsizlik bo'yicha mutaxassis - tarmoq tizimlarining xavfsizligini sinab ko'rgan va mijozlarga xavfsizlik siyosatini qanday joriy etish va saqlashni maslahat beradigan kishi, shu jumladan: a. xakerlardan saqlanish (tarmoq tizimiga ruxsatsiz kirishga uringan malakali dasturchilar) b. viruslarga qarshi kurashish (zarar etkazish yoki kompyuterga odatiy bo'lmagan tarzda o'zini tutish maqsadida yozilgan dasturlar). • Tizimli dasturchi - yozish tizimlari dasturiga ixtisoslashgan shaxs (kompyuter tizimining asosiy funktsiyalarini boshqarish uchun foydalaniladigan dastur yoki dasturlar to'plami, masalan, operatsion tizim dasturlari).
2.MUST
1. Must fe’li ma’lum bir kuch ta’siridagi zaruratni, buyruq yoki maslahatni ifodalaydi. Must kerak deb tarjima qilinib, hozirgi va kelasi za mondagi ish-harakatini ifodalaydi:

I must do it now. He must go there tomorrow. You must post the letter at once. You must consult a doctor. The work must be done at once. The steamer must be discharged tomorrow.	Men buni hozir qilishim kerak. U o‘sha yerga ertaga borishi ke rak. Siz xatni darhol jo‘natishingiz ke rak. Siz doktorga ko‘rinishingiz kerak. Ish darhol qilinishi kerak. Paroxodning yuki ertaga tushirili shi kerak.

Izoh: Mustning bo‘lishsiz shakli must not modal fe’l mayning ma’nosiga teskari bo‘lgan
taqiqlashni ifodalaydi:

— May I do it? Buni qilsam mumkinmi?	— No, you mustn’t. — Yo‘q, mumkin emas.
Mustga teskari bo‘lgan ma’noda needn’t kerak emas ishlatiladi:
He needn’t go there. You needn’t do it.	Unga u yerga borish kerak emas. Siz buni qilishingiz shart emas.

Shunday qilib Must I go there? So‘roq gapiga quyidagicha javob berish mumkin: Yes,
you must. No, you needn’t.
2. Ma’lum bir kuch ta’siridagi zaruratni have + to + V ham ifodalaydi, lekin bu birikma buyruq va maslahatni ifodalash uchun ishlatilmaydi:

I must do it now. = I have to do it now.

Men buni hozir qilishim kerak.

He must go there tomorrow. = He has to go there tomorrow. U u yerga ertaga borishi kerak. O‘tgan zamondagi zaruratni ifodalshda had + to + V, kelasi zamonda
ko‘pincha shall (will) have + to + V ishlatiladi:

3.UZBEKISTAN
The Republic of Uzbekistan declared September 1, 1999the Day of Independence. The new country appeared on world map and its priorities were to establish a free
democratic society and to develop a market economy. The Republic has been recognized by more than 165 countries and diplomatic relations have been
established with more than 120. The embassies of more than 40 countries and many authorized international non-governmental agencies have set up their offices in
Tashkent. The embassies of Uzbekistan operate in 25 countries of the world and its consulates in 10 countries. The country joined the Un in March 1992.
Since the first days of independence the government of the country has found the way to meet the interests of the Uzbek nation and provide social, political and
economic stability. At present trade-economic links have been established with more than 140 countries. More than 3800 joint ventures operate in the Republic and the total volume of exported goods has increased 1. 5 times. Support to on-going reforms in the economic and social spheres is provided by the international financial structures
4. Underlined the correct word
a)Could/May/Shall you tell me the time, please?
b) Can/Shall/may you post this letter for me, please
c)Could/May/ Shall you put ice in it, please

15-bilet 1. Google 1998 yilda Larri Peyj va Sergey Brin tomonidan ikkita Stenford doktori tomonidan tashkil etilgan. Internetda ma'lumot qidirishning texnologik jihatdan rivojlangan usulini ishlab chiqqan nomzodlar, uning eng mashhur mahsuloti sizning kalit so'z qidirishingizga mos keladigan natijalar mashhurligini egallaydigan gibrid qidiruv tizimidir. Google, asosan, qidiruv saytini taqdim etish va tijorat saytlariga uning qidiruv texnologiyalarini litsenziyalash orqali Internetdagi eng yaxshi qidiruv tajribasini etkazib berishga qaratadi. Ko'plab ajoyib Internet atamalari singari, Google ham ko'plab foydalanishni o'z ichiga oladi, jumladan: "Siz uni Google qildingizmi" - demak, siz u haqida ko'proq ma'lumotga ega bo'lish uchun, masalan, ko'r kunida qidiruv o'tkazgansiz; "Men Goog'edni oldim" - degani, kimdir siz haqingizda ko'proq ma'lumot topish uchun sizni qidirib topdi; "Siz buni googledingizmi" - degani, siz mahsulot yoki buyumda qidiruv o'tkazganingizni anglatadi;

"Google it" - bu qidiruvni amalga oshirishni anglatadi.\