Unit 1 Nouns- otlar: singular nouns- birlik otlar plural


TIME EXPRESSIONS – VAQT IBORALARI


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Grammarway rule 1-20

TIME EXPRESSIONS – VAQT IBORALARI
Quyidagi vaqt iboralari bilan “hozirgi tugallangan zamon” ishlatiladi.
Since – dan beri, How long – qancha vaqtdan beri/qancha vaqt davomida, Ever – qachondir/qachon bo’lsa ham, Never – hech qachon, Yet – allaqachon, hali (ham), |Already – allaqachon, Just – endigina/hozirgina, So far – shu paytgacha/haligacha, Recently – yaqinda/ohirgi paytlarda/shu kunlarda.
How long (qancha vaqt davomida) – so’roq gaplarda ishlatiladi, davomiylikni so’raganimizda.
How long have you worked here?
Qancha vaqt davomida shu yerda ishlayapsiz?
For (davomida) – davomiylikni ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi.
I’ve worked here for eight years. – Men bu yerda 8 yil davomida ishlayapman.
Since (dan ber) – ish harakatini boshlang’ich nuqtasini ifodalash uchun ishlatiladi.
I’ve known him since 1990. – Men uni 1990 – yildan beri taniyman.
Already/just (allaqachon, endigina, hozirgina) – darak gaplarda ishlatiladi, gapda have fe’li va o’tgan sifatdosh orasida keladi.
They have already packed their suitcases. I’ve just phoned him. – Ular allaqachon jamadonlarini taxlab bo’lishdi. Men unga hozirgina qo’ng’iroq qildim.
Yet (allaqachon, hali) – so’roq va inkor gaplarda ishlatiladi va gaplarda gapning oxiriga qo’yiladi. So’roq gaplarda allaqachon ma’nosida ishlatiladi va inkor gaplarda hali ma’nosida keladi.
Have you posted the letter yet? – Siz hatni allaqachon yubordingizmi?
He hasn’t written to me yet. – U hali menga yozgani yo’q.
SHORT ANSWERS – QISQA JAVOBLAR
Qisqa javoblarda biz YES yoki NO ni ishlatamiz, keyin kerakli kishilik olmoshlarini ishlatamiz, so’ng have/haven’t yoki has/hasn’t yordamchi fe’li keladi. Biz butun so’roq gapni takrorlamaymiz.
Have you ever eaten Chinese food? Yes, I have/No, I haven’t
Siz qachon bo’lsa ham Xitoycha taom yeganmisiz?
Have you + o’tgan sifatdosh…? Yes, I have/No, I haven’t
Yes, we have/No, we haven’t
Has he/she/it + o’tgan sifatdosh…? Yes, he/she/it has
No, he/she/it hasn’t
Have they + o’tgan sifatdosh…? Yes, they have
No, they haven’t
Past Simple versus Present Perfect
O’tgan oddiy zamon va hozirgi tugallanmagam zamon taqqoslamasi:

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