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TECHNOLOGY 
OF 
TEACHING 
TECHNOLOGY 
IN 
TEACHING 
 
We designate the techniques of teachers’ activity with the help of 
which we can achieve the goal of teaching as “technology of 
teaching“, the term “technology in teaching” means the usage of the 
technical tools in the teaching process. Some modern tools include 
but are not limited to overhead projectors, laptop computers, and 
calculators. Newer tools such as "smart-phones" and games (both 
online and offline) are beginning to draw serious attention to their 
learning potential. Those who employ educational technologies are 
both learners and teachers. 

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The term “pedagogical technology” often replaces the 
“educational technology”. In the pedagogical literature one comes 
across different definitions of pedagogical technologies. Let’s 
compare the definitions of “pedagogical technology” given by 
scientists. 
1. V.P. Bespalko – it is a project of the concrete pedagogical 
system feasible in practice. The main idea of this conception is 
projecting/designing the educational process.
2. N.F. Talizina – it is a real pedagogical process presented at 
the technological level.
3. V.M. Monahov – a pedagogical technology is a worked out 
module of cooperative pedagogical activity on designing and 
organizing teaching process with the aim of creating favorable 
conditions for both learners and teachers.
4. I.P. Volkov – a pedagogical technology is a description of the 
process to achieve the planned results in teaching.
5. V.M. Shepel – it is an art, mastership, skill and combination 
of methods of treatment and changing the state.
6. M.V. Klarin – a pedagogical technology means a systematic 
aggregate and order of functioning of all individual, instrumental 
and methodological means, used for achievement of pedagogical 
aims.
Summing up all these definitions G.K. Selevko stresses out 
that a pedagogical technology is a pithy generalization which can 
include all definitions given by these authors. In 
general, 
a 
pedagogical technology means planning and using of all teaching 
means/aids in the system of education for achievement of the 
necessary results. It is evident, that the main function of 
pedagogical technologies is achievement of the goals of teaching or 
developing the learners’ abilities and skills. 
It’s time to give the definition of the concept “pedagogical 
technology” from our point of view summarizing the all mentioned 
information. 
 Pedagogical technology is the systematic method of creation, 
application and determination of the FLT process and acquiring the 
knowledge with the help of technical and human resources and their 
interaction for the aims of optimization and intensification of the 

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educational forms. Technology can be manifested also on the level 
of operations and actions. 
The structure of the pedagogical technology includes 
conceptual foundation, the content of educational and technological 
processes. The content of educational process proceeds from general 
and special aims of the educational process and proposes the use of 
the teaching language and speech material. 
The technological process includes organizing a teaching 
process, the activity of a teacher and students, the management and 
monitoring instruments of the teaching/learning process. So, the 
main criterion of the pedagogical technology is management and 
monitoring which include assessment, planning and implementation 
through variable means, methods, techniques, activities of teaching 
and learning. It’s considered the more effective criterion, supposed 
creation of the competitive conditions of organizing teaching 
process for achievement of the planned results in teaching and 
learning. The other criterion of the pedagogical technology is 
reproductivity which makes it possible to be used in other 
educational institutions. 
Summing up all the above ideas, we can point out four main 
features of the pedagogical technology related to ELT. They are: 
1. Well-planning/designing the process of teaching and learning. 
2. Creating motivation during the teaching process. 
3. Systematic presentation of the teaching material and different 
forms of its organization for development language sub-skills and 
skills in the four speech activities (listening, speaking, reading, and 
writing). 
4. Guaranteed result in achievement of the goal of FL teaching 
and learning. 
In projecting educational process and making a technologic 
map of the lesson these features of the pedagogical technology 
should find their reflection. 
Thus the term “pedagogical technology” in FLT is a set of tools 
with the help of which the planned goals of the lesson in the less 
time and efforts and more effective ways can be achieved. 
The main characteristics of the pedagogical technologies of FL 
teaching are: 

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a) effectiveness (the high level of achievement of the goal by 
each student); 
b) economy (a large capacity of the teaching material can be 
acquired for the less time and efforts); 
c) ergonomic conditions (the teaching is conducted in the 
environment of cooperation, positive emotional microclimate, 
lacking of overstrain, in other words, to provide optimum comfort 
and to avoid stress or injury). The term ergonomic means 
“designing and arranging things people use so that people and things 
interact most efficiently safely, so called ‘human engineering’”; 
d) motivation via special tools to increase interest and allow 
developing personal properties and opening individuals mental 
recourses. 
In the methodology of FL teaching and learning Cooperative 
learning/Community language learning, project methods, learner-
centered teaching, distance teaching and learning, language 
portfolio, tandem-method, case study, computer, audiovisual 
technologies and other ones refer to the innovative pedagogical 
technologies.