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Procedure of language teaching:
procedure includes task,
techniques and activities. Tasks and activities can be considered as
exercises. Technique is a way for a teacher to organize a learner’s
activity.
Problem-based learning (PBL)/
Problem-solving method:
Student-centered pedagogy in which students learn about a subject
in the context of complex,
multifaceted, and realistic problems.
Working in groups, students identify what they already know, what
they need to know, and how and where to access new information
that may lead to resolution of the problem. The role of the instructor
is that of facilitator of learning who provides appropriate scaffolding
of that process by (for example), asking probing questions,
providing
appropriate resources, and leading class discussions, as
well as designing student assessments.
Process-oriented-guided-inquiry-learning: students
work in
small groups in a class on instructional modules that present them
with information or data, followed by leading questions designed to
guide them toward formulation of their own conclusions.
Process-oriented teaching: focuses on the motivation and
involvement in the activities with the expectation of different results
in learners in learners according their aptitude.
Product-oriented teaching: is the shortest way for all the
learners in the classroom to achieve the same result.
profile: a record of a student’s test results which display a series
of assessments in various areas of language performance. They are
mainly based on scales.
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