What types of meanings can be found in the semantic structure of a word?
Elena Arsentyeva argues that semantic structure of a phraseological unit is wider than its meaning as it not only includes the denotative and connotative components, but is also characterized by the type of grammatical meaning as well as its systematic linguistic and speech relations (p. 12). Although phraseological units share figurativeness and relative stability, they may also be motivated, partially motivated and unmotivated/non-motivated,
Word meaning is represented by different types of meaning: grammatical, lexical, lexico-grammatical.
Grammatical meaning is the component of word meaning, recurrent in identical sets of individual forms of different words. It is expressed by:
word-form (such as books, girls, boys – the meaning of plurarity; looked, asked – tense meaning);
Lexico-grammatical meaning of the word is the common denominator (знаменатель) to all the meanings of the words belonging to a certain lexico-grammatical class or group of words.
Lexical meaning is the component of word meaning recurrent in all the forms of the word. The word forms go, goes, went, gone, going have different gr.m., but they have one and the same l.m. ‘the process of movement’.
93. what is lexical valency? Provide examples.
* Valency – the power of a word to combine with another one in speech.
There is 2 types of valencies: grammatical, lexical
Lexical valency (collcability). The aptness of a word to appear in certain combination with other lexemes may be called its lexical valency. Ex: propose a stroll but to suggest a plan.
It is the ability of a word to appear in various combinations with other words, or lexical contexts. Ex: question – vital/pressing/urgent… question at issue, to raise a question, a question on the agenda.
94. What prepositional PhUs do you know? What are their types? Give examples
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