Xirurgik stomatologiya kafedrasi

Subject No3. Anesthesia in Facial Plastic Surgery
Anesthesia in facial plastic surgery includes a wide range of techniques from local anesthesia without the use of sedatives to anesthesia. The first section of this chapter focuses on the medicines we have for anesthesia. The next will separate anesthesia with deep sedation, also known as controlled anesthesia, or controlled anesthesia with deep sedation). The latest section describes how anesthesia affects blood loss, vital function, and discusses the cost of anesthetics.
Subject No 4. Rhythmectomy
Ritidectomy or facelift, eliminates sagging skin and senile wrinkles. With age, the amount of collagen decreases, as a result of which the elasticity of the skin decreases. Stable successful rhydidectomy should be directed at the deeper layers of the skin.
Ritidectomy is performed on the following areas of the face: the side of the face and neck (jaw) on both sides, spreading to Modiolus (In the anatomy of the face, the Modiolus is the intersection of facial muscles, fastened by fibrous tissue, Modiolus is located in laterand and slightly above every corner of the mouth. Innerved by the motor nerve of the facial nerve and blood-scarted by the lip branches of the facial artery. The following muscles are involved: orbicularisoris, buccinator, levatorangulioris, depressorangulioris, zygomaticusmajor, risorius, platysma, levatorlabiisuperioris) and the middle line of the cervical division.

Subject No 5. Plastic Of the Upper Ages
Blepharoplasty and related procedures
Swollen or sticking eyelids are common complaints. Accurate diagnosis is important. Complaints about sagging upper eyelids are often the result of sagging eyebrows, as opposed to excess tissue on the upper eyelid. In this situation, the treatment is an eyebrow lift, and then possibly the upper blepharoplasty. When assessing the eyelid, the appearance of baggy can be caused by excess skin or fat, or both. The word blepharoplasty was first used by Van Grefe in 1818 to describe a procedure to repair eyelid defects, after excision of the tumor. Eyelids are one of the first facial structures to develop structural changes associated with aging. Aging changes the elasticity of the orbital septum, the cartilage of the eyelid and the circular muscle muscles. Clinically, these changes lead to the formation of excess skin, wrinkles, pseudo-herniated orbital fat formation and baggy and tired-looking eyes. Aging-induced changes in the skin are characterized by the development of pigment abnormalities.