Xorazm ma’mun akademiyasi axborotnomasi – /2020 Ўзбекистон республикаси фанлар академияси минтақавий бўлими

 __________XORAZM MA’MUN AKADEMIYASI AXBOROTNOMАSI –11/3-2022  
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During independent work of this kind, students search for either a cognitive-logical or 
experimental-practical nature. In the course of independent work of a cognitive-logical nature, the 
younger student uses a wide variety of phenomena, facts, events, patterns, identifies and establishes 
causal relationships between them, finds similarities and differences in them, classifies them 
according to essential features, demonstrates the ability to conduct a comparative analysis of one and 
the same phenomenon or event from two or more sources. 
In the course of independent work of an experimental and practical nature, students usually, by 
setting up an experiment, either confirm certain aspects of the application of the laws already known 
to them, or, by experimental verification, extend the general laws known to them to particular 
phenomena, thereby determining their belonging to one or another group of phenomena. Other 
practical independent work is characterized, first of all, by the fact that the student independently 
makes a choice of means and methods for solving the problems facing him, determines and selects 
the knowledge necessary for solving, establishes the sequence of operations for applying this 
knowledge in the process of solving a particular problem. 
In the process of performing creative independent tasks, the skills of independent search for 
knowledge are consolidated. It consists of such mental and practical actions that in the real process 
of the student's thinking act as a set of judgments, conclusions and other operations in the preparation, 
finding and development of essentially new principles and plans for solving problems, in identifying 
and posing new problems, in expressing new evaluative judgments, etc. 
When performing creative independent work, a student is required to independently see and 
formulate a problem in a particular situation, identify and establish cause-and-effect relationships of 
phenomena, events, etc. Such independent work acts in training in the form of solving problems with 
missing data, writing student abstracts, reports, reviews of literary sources, small independent 
research. 
REFERENCES: 
1. Esipov B.P. Independent work of students in the classroom / B.P. Esipov. Moscow: Uchpedgiz, 1961. 20 p. 
2. Zimnyaya I.A. Pedagogical psychology / I.A. Winter. Moscow: Logos, 2000, pp. 26–30. 
3. Pidkasy P.I. Independent cognitive activity of schoolchildren in education / P.I. Piggy. Moscow: 
Prosveshchenie, 1980, pp. 30–45