Irregular plurals
Ma’lum tarixiy sabablarga ko’ra ba’zi otlarning ko’plik shakli boshqacha usulda
yasaladi.
1. Yettita otda o’zakdagi unli o’zgaradi:
man - men
tooth - teeth
woman - women
foot – feet
goose - geese
mouse - mice
louse - lice
2. Ikkita otda -en qo’shilib ko’plik yasaladi:
ox - oxen, child - children.
Brother so’zini ikkita ko’plik shakli bor: brothers va brethren. Brethren – diniy
so’z bo’lib bir dindagi odamlar uchun ishlatiladi, lekin qarindosh emas.
3. Ba’zi otlarda birlik ham ko’plik ham bir xil shaklga ega:
a) sheep-sheep (qo’y – qo’ylar);
swine - swine (cho’chqa – cho’chqalar);
deer - deer (kiyik - kiyiklar);
grouse - grouse (tustovuq - tustovuqlar).
This sheep looks small. All those sheep are good.
I bought a grouse (three grouse for dinner).
There’re so many fish, they splinter the paddles.
The farmer has several large flocks (= groups) of long-haired sheep.
We heard sheep bleating/baaing in the field.
Several large fish live in the pond.
Sanjay caught the biggest fish I've ever seen.
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I don't like fish (= don't like to eat fish).
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Note:
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Jonivorlarni ifodalovchi ba’zi otlar borki, ularning ikkita ko’plik shakli bo’ladi:
fish - fish/fishes,
pike - pike/pikes,
trout - trout/trouts, carp –
carp/carps,
salmon - salmon/salmons.
(The zero plural is more common to denote hunting quarries (We caught only a few
fish. We caught five salmon. He shot quail (перепелок) to make money), whereas
the regular plural is used to denote different individuals, species, kinds of animal,
especially fish with the same name or insects or other small animals which cause
disease or damage.)
The plant was covered in greenfly.
This animal is infected with hookworm.
There are three greenflies on my hand.
Two large hookworms were found in his stomach.
There were two quails for sale.
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