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Here are ten pennies.
VI. Ingliz tilidgi o’n uchta ot, ya’ni
-f(e) bilan tugaydigan otlarning ko’plik
shaklini yasashda -f(e) - -v(e) ga aylanadi va [z] deb aytiladi:
calf - calves
life - lives
loaf - loaves
self - selves
sheaf - sheaves (снопы) knife - knives
shelf – shelves
elf - elves
half - halves
leaf - leaves
thief - thieves
wolf - wolves
wife - wives
Xuddi shu xarflarga tugaydigan boshqa otlarning ko’plik shakli odatdagi usulda
yasaladi:
proof - proofs,
chief - chiefs,
safe - safes,
cliff - cliffs,
gulf - gulfs,
dwarf - dwarfs, reef- reefs,
grief - griefs;
talaffuz qilinishi - [s].
Kam holatlarda har ikkala usul to’g’ridir:
-fs va
-ves:
scarf - scarfs/scarves,
dwarf - dwarfs/dwarves,
hoof - hoofs/hooves.
VII. Qisqa unli tovushli bo’g’indan keyin
-th bilan tugaydigan otlarda esa ko’plik
quyidagicha:
month — months [mʌnθs].
Uzun unli tovushli bo’g’indan keyin -th bilan tugaydigan otlarda esa ko’plik
quyidagicha: baths [ba:ðz], paths [paðz], oaths [ouðz].
Biroq: youths [ju:θs], births [bǝ:θs].
VIII. Qisqartma otlarning ko’plik shaklini yasashda esa ushbu xarfni ikkilantirish
holati bilan amalga oshiriladi:
Ms (manuscript)
– MSS
p. (page)
- pp.
Mr (Mister)
- Messrs ['mesǝz]
M.P. (Member of Parliament) - M.P.s ['em'pi:z]
M.D. (Doctor of Medicine)
- M.D.s ['em'di:z]
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Co. (Company)
- Co.s [kouz]
Masalan "Miss Brown" frazasini olsak, uning ko’plik shakli ikki xil. Biz "the Miss
Browns" deyishimiz ham "the Misses Brown" deyishimiz ham mumkin, ikkinchi
holati to’g’riroq bo’ladi deb hisoblaydilar.
Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: