Description of the environmental monitoring system

Translated from Russian to English - www.onlinedoctranslator.com

1. 
   Description of the environmental monitoring system
   
2. 
   Classification of environmental monitoring systems
   
3. 
   Mobile equipment for environmental monitoring systems
   
4. 
   The composition of the stationary system of industrial environmental monitoring
   

Environmental monitoring systems are a set of measures, legislative acts, equipment and software for monitoring the state of the environment. There are systems of global, regional, territorial and local environmental monitoring.
The most common are local systems used in the manufacturing sector, as well as territorial ones, for example, to monitor the environmental situation in an urban environment. From our material you will learn about the principles of operation and composition of environmental monitoring systems.
Description of the environmental monitoring system
Сегодня, оценивая качественные показатели окружающей среды, используют два термина: мониторинг и контроль. Под первым понимают комплекс, предполагающий наблюдение, анализ и оценку прогноза изменений в состоянии окружающей среды, которые происходят в результате антропогенных воздействий. Бывает, что дают и такую интерпретацию: мониторинг — наблюдение за какими-либо объектами и явлениями, прилагающимися к жизненной среде.
Описание системы экологического мониторинга
Мониторинг не предполагает возможности управления качеством среды, которая нас окружает, при этом контроль включает в себя не только наблюдение, но и получение данных, а также возможность воздействия и управления состоянием этой среды.
The primary goal of the environmental monitoring system is to provide the latest, up-to-date, verified data on the state of the natural environment and objects, including forecasting possible changes in the environmental situation. The information obtained as a result of monitoring is the basis for making an adequate decision, setting priorities in activities related to nature protection. The overall goal is to develop economic and political decisions based on environmental factors as well.
The system of ecological monitoring of the environment is a complex of interrelated legal acts, various managers, scientific organizations and companies, as well as technical means and information media.
The objects of the state environmental monitoring system include:

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  elements of the natural environment, namely earth, soil, water underground and on its surface, subsoil, air, level indicators of radiation pollution and energy. This also includes the atmospheric ozone layer, outer space near the Earth, which provides favorable conditions for the possibility of living on it;
  
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  objects of nature - natural ecosystems, natural landscapes and elements included in it;
  
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  objects that are natural-anthropogenic - objects of nature that have been changed as a result of any economic work, or objects reproduced by people and having a recreational function or protection purpose;
  
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  sources that anthropogenically affect the environment. environment, including dangerous objects.
  

The process of monitoring the environment and objects is carried out:

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  at the global level, through international programs and projects;
  
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  at the federal level, within the territory of our country;
  
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  at the territorial level, within the subjects of the Russian Federation;
  
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  at the local level, limited by a certain natural-technogenic system.