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Seminar study
Problems for discussions
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1
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Theory of translation as a science. The subject and tasks of the science. Equivalence. Types of equivalence. Formal Equivalence. Partial Correspondence Equivalence. Situational or Factual Equivalence. Pragmatic aspect of equivalence
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2
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Levels of equivalence. Phonetic level of Equivalence. Word-building Level of Equivalence. Morphological Level of Equivalence. Equivalence at Word Level. Equivalence of Phrase Level. Equivalence at Text Level
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3
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Types of translation. Equivalent translation. Literal translation. Translation Loans.
Free Translation
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4
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Grammatical problems. General considerations. Grammatical Features Typical of Modern English. Non-equivalents. Articles. Theme and rheme. The Gerund. The Past Perfect Tense
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5
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Partial equivalence. Verbal. The Infinitive. The Participle as Part of an Absolute Construction. Partial Equivalents caused by different usage. Free and Bound Use of Grammar Forms. Types of Grammatical Transformations. Transpositions. Replacements. Replacements of sentence types. Additions. Omissions
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6
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Lexical problems: Lexical Differences between Languages. Semantic component. Three Types of Lexical Meaning. Referential, Emotive, Stylistic.
Referential Meaning and its Rendering in Translation. Divergences in the Semantic Structure of Words. Different Valency. Different Usage
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7
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