60-odd years of moscow mathematical
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Moscow olympiad problems
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n = [2{an + b}]. Any k successive terms of this sequence is called a word. Is it true that any ordered set of 0’s and 1’s of length k can be a word of the sequence determined by certain a and b for (a) k = 4, (b) k = 5? 56.10.5 (VT). In a botanical classifier a plant is determined by 100 features. Each of the features can either be present or absent. A classifier is considered to be good if any two plants have less than half of the features in common. Prove that a good classifier can not describe more than 50 plants. 56.10.6 (Sh). On side AB of triangle ABC the square is constructed outwards, its center is O. Points M and N are the midpoints of AC and BC; the lengths of these sides are equal to a and b, respectively. Find the maximum of the sum OM + ON as the angle ∠ACB varies. Grade 11 56.11.1 (Be). Knowing that tan α + tan β = p and cot α + cot β = q find tan(α + β). 56.11.2 (Be). The unit square is divided into finitely many smaller squares (of, perhaps, distinct sizes). Consider the squares whose intersection with the main diagonal is nonempty. Is it possible for the sum of perimeters of the squares be greater than 1993? 56.11.3 (An). Given n points on a plane no three of which lie on one line. A straight line passes through every pair of the points. What is the least number of pair-wise non-parallel lines among these lines? 56.11.4 (GZB). Stones lie in several boxes. The Rule allows us in one move: to select a number n; to unite the stones in each box in groups of n and a residue of less than n stones in it; to leave in each group a stone and the whole residue; it also allows us to pocket the rest of the stones. Is it possible to ensure in 5 moves that each box contains one stone if initially there were not more than (a) 460 stones, (b) 461 stones in each box? 1 Recall that {x} and [x] denotes the fractional and the integer part of x, respectively. OLYMPIAD 57 (1994) 139 56.11.5 (Be). It is known that the domain of definition of a function f is segment [−1, 1], and f (f (x)) = −x for all x; the graph of f is the union of finitely many points and intervals. Is it possible to draw the graph of f if the domain of f is a) ] − 1, 1[? b) the whole real line? 56.11.6 (Sh). A fly flies inside a regular tetrahedron with edge a. What is the shortest length of the flight the fly should take to visit every face and return to the initial spot? Olympiad 57 1 (1994) Grade 6 57.6.1. Can there be four people among which no three have identical first name, patronimic (middle name) and the last name but any pair of these people has identical either first, or middle, or last name? 57.6.2. Find a) the 6-th, b) the 1994-th number in the sequence 2, 6, 12, 20, 30, . . . 57.6.3. Several teams of guards of social property, manned by identical number of guards each, slept more nights during their vigil than there are guards in the team but less than there are teams. How many guards are there in the team if all guards from the team together slept 1001 man-night? 57.6.4. Construct a 3 × 3 × 3 cube of 1 × 1 × 1 red, green and yellow cubes so that in any 3 × 1 × 1 layer there are cubes of all three colors. 57.6.5. Cut a square into three parts from which it is possible to construct a nonright scalane triangle. 57.6.6. Kate’s family drank coffee. Each member of the family drank out a full cup of coffee with milk and Kate drank a quarter of the milk and a sixth of the coffee. How many people are there in Kate’s family? 57.6.7. Among any 9 of 60 kids three are from the same grade. Is it necessary that there are a) 15, b) 16 kids from the same grade? 57.6.8. A pedestrian walked along (across?) 6 streets of a town in a row passing each street exactly twice; however long he contemplated over the map he could not find a route so as to pass along any street just once during one stroll. Is there such a route? Grade 7 57.7.1. During the past two years a factory lowered the volume of the products it manufactured by 51%. Each year the volume diminished by the same number of percents. What is this number? (5 points) 57.7.2. Each staircase of a house has the same number of floors; the same number of appartments on each floor. There are more floors than the number of appartments on the floor; more appartments on the floor than there are staircases and there is more than one staircase. How many floors are there in the house if the total number of its appartments is 105? a) Find at least one solution. (2 points) b) Find all solutions and prove that there are no more. (4 points) 57.7.3. When the committee asked Neznajka (Master Ignoramus) to contribute with a problem for a Math Olympiad in the Sunny Town he wrote the following head-twister, where different letters replace different figures: + Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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