60-odd years of moscow mathematical
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Moscow olympiad problems
∗x + ∗y + ∗z = 0,
two players replace the asterisks with numbers doing so in turns, one number each. Prove that the one who starts can always get a system with a nonzero solution. 21.1.7.2. Consider two diameters AB and CD of a circle. Prove that if M is an arbitrary point on the circle, and P and Q are its projections to these diameters, then the length of P Q does not depend on the location of M . (See Fig. 35.) Figure 35. (Probl. 21.1.7.2) 21.1.7.3. How many four-digit numbers from 0000 to 9999 (we complete a one-, two-, or three-digit number to a four-digit one by writing zeros in front of it) are there such that the sum of their first two digits is equal to the sum of their last two digits? 21.1.7.4. Given two points A and B on a plane. Construct a square with A and B on its sides and with the least possible sum of distances of A to the vertices of the square. 21.1.7.5. In the following triangular table 0 1 2 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1957 1958 1 3 5 . . . . . . . . . . . . 3915 . . . . . . . . . . . . each number (except for those in the upper row) is equal to the sum of the two nearest numbers in the row above. Prove that the lowest number is divisible by 1958. Grade 8 21.1.8.1. Consider a point O inside 4ABC and three vectors of length 1 on rays OA, OB, OC. Prove that the sum of the lengths of these vectors is < 1. 21.1.8.2. Prove that if one root of the following system with integer coefficients is not an integer, then p 1 = p 2 , q 1 = q 2 : ( x 2 + p 1 x + q 1 = 0, x 2 + p 2 x + q 2 = 0. 21.1.8.3. On a circular clearing of radius R grow three pines of the same diameter. The centers of the pines’ trunks are the vertices of an equilateral triangle, each at distance R 2 from the center of the clearing. Two men are looking for one another. They go around the clearing along its border, starting from diametrically opposite points. They move at the same speed and in the same direction, and cannot see each other. Can three men see one another if they go around the clearing starting from the points situated at the vertices of an equilateral triangle inscribed in this clearing? 60 MOSCOW MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIADS 1 – 59 21.1.8.4. See Problem 21.1.9.3 for n = 1958. 21.1.8.5*. The length of the projections of a polygon to the OX-axis, the bisector of the first and third coordinate angles, the OY -axis, and the bisector of the second and fourth coordinate angles are equal to 4, 3 √ 2, 5 and 4 √ 2, respectively. Prove that the area S of the polygon is ≤ 17.5. Grade 9 21.1.9.1. An infinite broken line A 0 A 1 . . . A n . . . on a plane, with right angles between its segments, begins at point A 0 with coordinates x = 0, y = 1, and circumvents the origin O clockwise. The first segment of this broken line is of length 2 and is parallel to the bisector of the fourth coordinate angle. Each of the subsequent segments intersects one of the coordinate axes, and has an integer length which is the least length sufficient to intersect the axis. Denote the lengths of OA Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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