60-odd years of moscow mathematical
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Moscow olympiad problems
Grades 9 − 10
7.2.9-10.1. Prove that it is impossible to divide a rectangle into six squares of distinct sizes. 7.2.9-10.2. On a plane, several points are chosen so that a disc of radius 1 can cover every 3 of them. Prove that a disc of radius 1 can cover all the points. OLYMPIAD 8 (1945) 29 7.2.9-10.3. Find nonzero and nonequal integers a, b, c so that x(x − a)(x − b)(x − c) + 1 factors into the product of two polynomials with integer coefficients. 7.2.9-10.4. Solve in integers the equation x + y = x 2 − xy + y 2 . 7.2.9-10.5. Given two skew perpendicular lines in space, find the set of the midpoints of all segments of given length with the endpoints on these lines. 7.2.9-10.6. Construct a right triangle, given two medians drawn to its legs. Olympiad 8 (1945) Tour 8.1 Grades 7 − 8 8.1.7-8.1. Divide a 27 − b 27 by (a + b)(a 2 + b 2 )(a 4 + b 4 ) . . . (a 26 + b 26 ). (Cf. Problem 8.1.9-10.1). 8.1.7-8.2. Prove that for any positive integer n the following inequality holds: 1 n + 1 + 1 n + 2 + · · · + 1 2n > 1 2 . 8.1.7-8.3. Find all two-digit numbers ab such that ab + ba is a perfect square. 8.1.7-8.4. Prove that it is impossible to divide a scalene triangle into two equal triangles. 8.1.7-8.5. Two circles are tangent externally at one point. Common external tangents are drawn to them and the tangent points are connected. Prove that the sum of the lengths of the opposite sides of the quadrilateral obtained are equal. Grades 9 − 10 8.1.9-10.1. Divide a 2k − b 2k by (a + b)(a 2 + b 2 )(a 4 + b 4 ) . . . (a 2k−1 + b 2k−1 ). (See Problem 8.1.7-8.2.) 8.1.9-10.2. Find three-digit numbers sucvh that any its positive integer power ends with the same three digits and in the same order. 8.1.9-10.3. The system ½ x 2 − y 2 = 0, (x − a) 2 + y 2 = 1 generally has four solutions. For which a the number of solutions of the system is equal to three or two? 8.1.9-10.4. A right triangle ABC moves along the plane so that the vertices B and C of the triangle’s acute angles slide along the sides of a given right angle. Prove that point A fills in a line segment and find its length. Tour 8.2 Grades 7 − 8 8.2.7-8.1. Given the 6 digits: 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5. Find the sum of all even four-digit numbers which can be expressed with the help of these figures (the same figure can be repeated). 8.2.7-8.2. Suppose we have two identical cardboard polygons. We placed one polygon upon the other one and aligned. Then we pierced polygons with a pin at a point. Then we turned one of the polygons around this pin by 25 ◦ 30 0 . It turned out that the polygons coincided (aligned again). What is the minimal possible number of sides of the polygons? 8.2.7-8.3. The side AD of a parallelogram ABCD is divided into n equal segments. The nearest to A division point P is connected with B. Prove that line BP intersects the diagonal AC at point Q such that Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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