60-odd years of moscow mathematical
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Moscow olympiad problems
Grades 9 − 10
13.2.9-10.1. In a convex 1950-gon all diagonals are drawn, dividing it into smaller polygons. What is the greatest number of sides can these polygons have? (Cf. Problem 13.2.7-8.1.) 13.2.9-10.2. The numbers 1, 2, 3, . . . , 101 are written in a row in some order. Prove that it is always possible to erase 90 of the numbers so that the remaining 11 numbers remain arranged in either increasing or decreasing order. 13.2.9-10.3. A spatial quadrilateral is circumscribed around a sphere. Prove that all the tangent points lie in one plane. 13.2.9-10.4. Is it possible to draw 10 bus routes with stops such that for any 8 routes there is a stop that does not belong to any of the routes, but any 9 routes pass through all the stops? Olympiad 14 (1951) Tour 14.1 Grades 7 − 8 14.1.7-8.1. Prove that x 12 − x 9 + x 4 − x + 1 > 0 for all x. 14.1.7-8.2. Let ABCD and A 0 B 0 C 0 D 0 be two convex quadrilaterals whose corresponding sides are equal, i.e., AB = A 0 B 0 , BC = B 0 C 0 , etc. Prove that if ∠A > ∠A 0 , then ∠B < ∠B 0 , ∠C > ∠C 0 , ∠D < ∠D 0 . 14.1.7-8.3. Which number is greater: 2.00 000 000 004 (1.00 000 000 004) 2 + 2.00 000 000 004 or 2.00 000 000 002 (1.00 000 000 002) 2 + 2.00 000 000 002 ? 14.1.7-8.4. Given an isosceles trapezoid ABCD and a point P . Prove that a quadrilateral can be constructed from segments P A, P B, P C, P D. 14.1.7-8.5. Given a chain of 60 links each weighing 1 g. Find the smallest number of links that need to be broken if we want to be able to get from the obtained parts all weights 1 g, 2 g, . . . , 59 g, 60 g? A broken link also weighs 1 g. (Cf. Problem 14.1.9-10.4.) 38 MOSCOW MATHEMATICAL OLYMPIADS 1 – 59 Grades 9 − 10 14.1.9-10.1. Find the first three figures after the decimal point in the decimal expression of the number 0.123456789101112 . . . 495051 0.515049 . . . 121110987654321 . 14.1.9-10.2. One side of a convex polygon is equal to a, the sum of exterior angles at the vertices not adjacent to this side are equal to 120 ◦ . Among such polygons, find the polygon of the largest area. 14.1.9-10.3. We have two concentric circles. A polygon is circumscribed around the smaller circle and is contained entirely inside the greater circle. Perpendiculars from the common center of the circles to the sides of the polygon are extended till they intersect the greater circle. Each of the points obtained is connected with the endpoints of the corresponding side of the polygon (Fig. 12). When is the resulting star-shaped polygon the unfolding of a pyramid? Figure 12. (Probl. 14.1.9-10.3) Figure 13. (Probl. 14.1.9- 10.5) 14.1.9-10.4. Given a chain of 150 links each weighing 1 g. Find the smallest number of links that need to be broken if we want to be able to get from the obtained parts all weights 1 g, 2 g, . . . , 149 g, 150 g? A broken link also weighs 1 g. (Cf. Problem 14.1.7-8.5.) 14.1.9-10.5. Given three equidistant parallel lines. Express by points of the corresponding lines the values of the resistance, voltage and current in a conductor so as to obtain the voltage V = I · R by connecting with a ruler the points denoting the resistance R and the current I. (Each point of each scale denotes only one number). See Fig. 13. Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
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