60-odd years of moscow mathematical
Download 1.08 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
Moscow olympiad problems
a
b and c d be two consecutive such numbers. Prove that |bc−ad| = 1 whatever n. 35.2.10.5*. There is a positive integer in every square of an 8 × 8 chessboard. The Rule allows one to take any square of size 3 × 3 or 4 × 4 and increase all numbers in it by 1 to ensure that the numbers in all squares are divisible by 10. Is this always possible after several such operations? Olympiad 36 (1973) Tour 36.1 Grade 8 36.1.8.1. There are several countries on a square island. Is it possible to divide these countries into smaller ones without creating new intersection points of their borders, and so that the map of the island could be painted two colors? 36.1.8.2. Can a number whose decimal expression consists of 600 copies of figure 6 and several zeros be the square of a positive integer? 36.1.8.3. Consider five points in a plane, no three of which lie on the same straight line and no four of which are on the same circle. Prove that two of these points may be selected so that they lie on both sides of the circle passing through three other points. 36.1.8.4. Prove that the equation 1 x + 1 y = 1 p , where x, y are positive integers, has exactly 3 solutions if p is a prime and the number of solutions is greater than three if p > 1 is not a prime. We consider solutions (a, b) and (b, a) for a 6= b as distinct. 36.1.8.5. On a plane, in three vertices of a square sit three grasshoppers. At some moment the grasshop- pers begin playing a game of leap-frog according to the following Rule: they leap over each other so that if grasshopper A leaps over grasshopper B, then after the jump it is at the same distance from B as before and on the same line. Is it possible for any of the grasshoppers to reach the fourth vertex of the square after a few jumps? Grade 9 36.1.9.1. The area of a quadrilateral with vertices on the sides of a parallelogram is equal to half the area of the parallelogram. Prove that at least one of the quadrilateral’s diagonals is parallel to a side of the parallelogram. 36.1.9.2. A square is divided into convex polygons. Prove that it is possible to divide them into smaller convex polygons so that each of these new ones has an odd number of adjacent polygons (with a common side). 36.1.9.3. The value of a polynomial P (x) with integer coefficients is equal to 2 at three integer points. Prove that there exists no integer point at which the polynomial is equal to 3. 36.1.9.4. In the city of X one can get to any subway station from any other. Prove that it is possible to close one of the stations for repairs and not let trains pass through it but still enable people to get to any of the remaining stations from any other. 36.1.9.5. The faces of a cube are numbered 1, 2, . . . , 6 so that the sum of the numbers on every pair of opposite faces is equal to 7. There is a 50 × 50 chessboard whose squares are equal to the faces of the cube. The cube rolls from the lower left corner of the chessboard to its upper right corner. The Rule allows it to move only to the right or upwards (not to the left or downwards). The cube prints the numbers painted on its faces in every square of the chessboard that a face touches as the cube rolls. What is the greatest possible sum of the numbers printed and what is the least possible one? (The figure 6 printed upside down still counts as 6, not 9!) OLYMPIAD 36 (1973) 107 Grade 10 36.1.10.1. We factor a positive integer k into its prime factors: k = p 1 Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling