60-odd years of moscow mathematical
Download 1.08 Mb. Pdf ko'rish
|
Moscow olympiad problems
Grade 10
36.2.10.1. Let m and n be positive integers ≥ 2. Prove that there is a positive integer k such that à n + √ n 2 − 4 2 ! m = k + √ k 2 − 4 2 . 36.2.10.2. Prove that the angles between every two bisectors of planar angles of a trihedral angle are either all acute, or all obtuse, or all right ones. 36.2.10.3. 12 painters live in a commune of 12 red and white houses along a ring-shaped road. Every month one of the painters leaves his or her house with red and white paints and goes clockwise along the road. When (s)he sees a red house (s)he paints it white and goes further, and when (s)he sees a white house (s)he paints it red and then goes home to wash his or her brush. Every painter only works once a year. Prove that if at the beginning of the year there is at least one red house then at the end of a year every house will be painted its initial color. 36.2.10.4. See Problem 36.2.9.1. 36.2.10.5. A lion runs over a circular circus ring of radius 10 m. Moving along a broken line he covers 30 km. Prove that the sum of the angles of all of the lion’s turns is not less than 2998 radians. Olympiad 37 (1974) Tour 37.1 Grade 9 37.1.9.1. Prove that the number 100...001 with 2 1974 + 2 1000 − 1 zeros is not a prime. 37.1.9.2. Prove that it is impossible to place two triangles, each of area greater than 1, into a disc of radius 1 so that they would not overlap. 37.1.9.3. Two identical gears have 32 teeth each. One of the gears was placed atop the other one so that their teeth aligned. Then 6 pairs of corresponding teeth were sawed off from both gears. Prove that it is possible to rotate one gear relative the other one so that in the places where teeth of one gear are missing there will be teeth of the other gear. (Cf. Problem 37.1.10.3.) OLYMPIAD 37 (1974) 109 37.1.9.4. Prove that if it is possible to construct a triangle from segments of lengths a, b and c, it is also possible to construct a triangle from segments of lengths 1 a + c , 1 b + c , 1 a + b . 37.1.9.5. A convex polygon has the following property: if all straight lines on which its sides lie are moved outwards by a distance of 1, then the straight lines in their new positions form a new polygon similar to the original one, with the proportional parallel sides. Prove that it is possible to inscribe a circle into the original polygon. Grade 10 37.1.10.1. See Problem 37.1.9.4. 37.1.10.2. Prove that for any 13-gon there exists a straight line which contains exactly one of its sides but for any n > 13 there exists such an n-gon for which this does not hold. 37.1.10.3. Two identical gears have 92 teeth each. One of the gears was placed atop the other one so that their teeth aligned. Then 10 pairs of corresponding teeth were sawed off from both gears. Prove that it is possible to rotate one gear relative the other one so that in the places where teeth of one gear are missing there will be teeth of the other gear. (Cf. Problem 37.1.9.3.) 37.1.10.4. Suppose we mark all vertices and centers of the faces of a cube and draw all diagonals of its faces. Is it possible, moving along the diagonals, to pass every marked point only once? 37.1.10.5. See Problem 37.1.9.5. Tour 37.2 Grade 7 37.2.7.1. Point M inside a regular hexagon with side 1 is connected with all vertices of the hexagon thus dividing the hexagon into triangles. Prove that among the triangles there are two whose sides are not shorter than 1. 37.2.7.2. On a straight line 100 points are fixed. Let us mark the midpoints of all segments with both endpoints among the fixed points. What is the minimal number of marked points? (Cf. Problem 37.2.8.2.) 37.2.7.3. How many sides can a convex polygon have if its diagonals are of equal length? 37.2.7.4. A few marbles are distributed into three piles. A boy who has an access to an unlimited stock of marbles may take one marble from every pile or add to one of the piles as many marbles from his stock as there are already in the pile. Prove that in a few such operations the boy can make it so that there are no marbles left in every pile. Download 1.08 Mb. Do'stlaringiz bilan baham: |
Ma'lumotlar bazasi mualliflik huquqi bilan himoyalangan ©fayllar.org 2024
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling
ma'muriyatiga murojaat qiling